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K+ Efflux Is the Common Trigger of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation by Bacterial Toxins and Particulate Matter

Open access
Muñoz-Planillo, Raúl, Kuffa, Peter, Martínez-Colón, Giovanny, Smith, Brenna L., Rajendiran, Thekkelnaycke M., Núñez, Gabriel·2013·Immunity

Abstract

Summary The NLRP3 inflammasome is an important component of the innate immune system. However, its mechanism of activation remains largely unknown. We show that NLRP3 activators including bacterial pore-forming toxins, nigericin, ATP and particulate matter caused mitochondrial perturbation or the opening of a large membrane pore; but this was not required for NLRP3 activation. Furthermore, reactive oxygen species generation or a change in cell volume was not necessary for NLRP3 activation. Instead, the only common activity induced by all NLRP3 agonists was the permeation of the cell membrane to K+ and Na+. Notably, reduction of the intracellular K+ concentration was sufficient to activate NLRP3 whereas an increase in intracellular Na+ modulated, but was not strictly required for inflammasome activation. These results provide a unifying model for the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in which a drop in cytosolic K+ is the common step that is necessary and sufficient for caspase-1 activation.

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Metadata

Authors
Muñoz-Planillo, R., Kuffa, P., Martínez-Colón, G., Smith, B. L., Rajendiran, T. M., & Núñez, G.
Venue
Immunity
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2013-06
Volume
38
Issue
6
Pages
1142-1153
ISSN
1074-7613 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2079882002
Cited by
2,147
References
7
FWCI
41.42
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: K+ Efflux Is the Common Trigger of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation by Bacterial Toxins and Particulate Matter. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.immuni.2013.05.016
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Muñoz-Planillo, R., Kuffa, P., Martínez-Colón, G., Smith, B. L., Rajendiran, T. M., & Núñez, G. (2013). K+ Efflux Is the Common Trigger of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation by Bacterial Toxins and Particulate Matter. Immunity. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2013.05.016

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

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