Cited by 2,759Inflammasome and immune disordersImmune Response and InflammationIL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways

Mechanism and Regulation of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation

Open access
He, Yuan, Hara, Hideki, Núñez, Gabriel·2016·Trends in Biochemical Sciences

Abstract

Members of the nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-containing (NLR) family and the pyrin and HIN domain (PYHIN) family can form multiprotein complexes termed 'inflammasomes'. The biochemical function of inflammasomes is to activate caspase-1, which leads to the maturation of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) and IL-18 and the induction of pyroptosis, a form of cell death. Unlike other inflammasomes, the NLRP3 inflammasome can be activated by diverse stimuli. The importance of the NLRP3 inflammasome in immunity and human diseases has been well documented, but the mechanism and regulation of its activation remain unclear. In this review we summarize current understanding of the mechanism and regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation as well as recent advances in the noncanonical and alternative inflammasome pathways.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.tibs.2016.09.002

Cites

82 of 82 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • NLRP3 inflammasome activation is a two-hit process in which signal 1 primes transcription and signal 2 activates the inflammasome and induces secretion of IL-1β and IL-18.

    “The functional regulation of an active NLRP3 inflammasome in a cell is a ‘two-hit’ process, in which signal 1 primes the transcription of the inflammasome and signal 2, either by the same and/or additional stimuli, activates the inflammasome and induces secretion of two pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and IL-18 (REFS63,64).”

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
He, Y., Hara, H., & Núñez, G.
Affiliations
University of Michigan (US)
Corresponding author
Núñez, Gabriel
Venue
Trends in Biochemical Sciences
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2016-12
Volume
41
Issue
12
Pages
1012-1021
ISSN
0968-0004 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2522054313
Cited by
2,759
References
82
Citations by year
2026: 242 · 2025: 294 · 2024: 295 · 2023: 337 · 2022: 432 · 2021: 353 · 2020: 342 · 2019: 240 · 2018: 149 · 2017: 70 · 2016: 2
FWCI
13.94
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Trends in Biochemical Sciences (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (T32HL007517)
  • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI063331, R37AI063331)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK091191)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Inflammasome and immune disorders
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
Keywords
NLRP3 inflammasome, inflammasome activation, caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18, pyroptosis, non-canonical inflammasome, inflammasome regulation
MeSH terms
Pyroptosis, NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein, NIMA-Related Kinases, Animals, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Lipopolysaccharides, Macrophages, Monocytes, Potassium, Signal Transduction, Ion Transport, Caspase 1, Interleukin-18, Mice, Interleukin-1beta, Inflammasomes

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review