What has caused the Flynn effect? Secular increases in the development quotients of infants
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Nutrition, particularly high-quality protein, influences body height, head circumference, and intelligence.
“Improved prenatal and postnatal nutrition may also have contributed to the secular increase in intelligence test scores as nutrition, particularly high-quality protein, influences the makeup of the human body, such as body height, head circumference, and intelligence [20, 23–25] and we observed simultaneous increases in body height and intelligence.”
From The secular trend of intelligence test scores: The Danish experience for young men born between 1940 and 2000 (2021) · cites this paper as [25]
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The Flynn effect: A meta-analysis.
Trahan, L. H., Stuebing, K. K., Fletcher, J. M., & Hiscock, M. (2014) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0037173 · Cited by 364 · see citing works
“Lukens & Hurrell (1996) 31 161 WISC–III SB4 2.05 292.”
InfluentialOne Century of Global IQ Gains: A Formal Meta-Analysis of the Flynn Effect (1909–2013)
Pietschnig, J., & Voracek, M. (2015) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691615577701 · Cited by 316 · see citing works
Systematic review and meta-analysis: fussing and crying durations and prevalence of colic in infants
Wolke, D., Bilgin, A., & Samara, M. (2017) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.02.020 · Cited by 255 · see citing works
Rindermann, H., & Ceci, S. J. (2018) · Journal for the Education of the Gifted · doi:10.1177/0162353218799481 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Dworak, E. M., Revelle, W., & Condon, D. M. (2023) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2023.101734 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Hegelund, E. R., Teasdale, T. W., Okholm, G. T., Osler, M., Sørensen, T. I. A., Christensen, K., & Mortensen, E. L. (2021) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0261117 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Barnett, S. M., Rindermann, H., Williams, W. M., & Ceci, S. J. (2011) · The Cambridge Handbook of Intelligence · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511977244.034 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
- Authors
- Lynn, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Ulster (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Lynn, Richard
- ORCID
- Lynn, Richard
- Venue
- Intelligence
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-01
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 16-24
- ISSN
- 0160-2896 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2077596997
- Cited by
- 111
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 7.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Intelligence (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
- Keywords
- Flynn effect, infant development, Bayley Scales, preschool children, prenatal nutrition, early postnatal nutrition, IQ gains
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