Cited by 2,394Smoking Behavior and CessationNitric Oxide and Endothelin EffectsAntioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress

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The pathophysiology of cigarette smoking and cardiovascular disease

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Ambrose, John A, Barua, Rajat S·2004·Journal of the American College of Cardiology

DOI 10.1016/j.jacc.2003.12.047

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Abstract

Cigarette smoking (CS) continues to be a major health hazard, and it contributes significantly to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Cigarette smoking impacts all phases of atherosclerosis from endothelial dysfunction to acute clinical events, the latter being largely thrombotic. Both active and passive (environmental) cigarette smoke exposure predispose to cardiovascular events. Whether there is a distinct direct dose-dependent correlation between cigarette smoke exposure and risk is debatable, as some recent experimental clinical studies have shown a non-linear relation to cigarette smoke exposure. The exact toxic components of cigarette smoke and the mechanisms involved in CS-related cardiovascular dysfunction are largely unknown, but CS increases inflammation, thrombosis, and oxidation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Recent experimental and clinical data support the hypothesis that cigarette smoke exposure increases oxidative stress as a potential mechanism for initiating cardiovascular dysfunction.

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Authors: Ambrose, J. A., & Barua, R. S.
Affiliations: Saint Vincent's Catholic Medical Center (US)
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
Corresponding author: Ambrose, John A
ORCID: Ambrose, John A
Barua, Rajat S
Venue: Journal of the American College of Cardiology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2004-05
Volume: 43
Issue: 10
Pages: 1731-1737
ISSN: 0735-1097 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2003.12.047
OpenAlex: W1559813904
Cited by: 2,394
References: 111
Citations by year: 2026: 127 · 2025: 153 · 2024: 141 · 2023: 123 · 2022: 130 · 2021: 151 · 2020: 153 · 2019: 120 · 2018: 115 · 2017: 114 · 2016: 110 · 2015: 107 · 2014: 129 · 2013: 119 · 2012: 112
FWCI: 6.01
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 3363 d)
Locations: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry (medical) › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
Keywords: cigarette smoking, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, thrombosis, passive smoking, oxidative stress, LDL oxidation, inflammation, dose-response relationship
MeSH terms: Arteriosclerosis, Blood Vessels, Cardiovascular Diseases, Coronary Thrombosis, Female, Humans, Male, Smoke, Smoking, Nicotiana, Tobacco Smoke Pollution, Oxidative Stress

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