The DOI matches its Crossref record, with a small difference in title or year; 26 of the 26 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Relationship of Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity to Incident Cardiovascular Disease
Open accessAbstract
Objectives The aim was to examine the independent and joint associations of sitting time and physical activity with risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD). Background Sedentary behavior is recognized as a distinct construct beyond lack of leisure-time physical activity, but limited data exists on the interrelationship between these two components of energy balance. Methods Participants in the prospective Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study (N = 71,018), aged 50–79 and free of CVD at baseline (1993–1998), provided information on sedentary behavior, defined as hours of sitting per day, and usual physical activity at baseline and during follow-up through September 2010. First CVD (coronary heart disease or stroke) events were centrally adjudicated. Results Sitting ≥ 10 hours/day compared to ≤ 5 hours/day was associated with increased CVD risk (HR=1.18, 95% CI 1.09, 1.29) in multivariable models including physical activity. Low physical activity was also associated with higher CVD risk (P, trend <0.001). When women were cross-classified by sitting time and physical activity (P, interaction = 0.94), CVD risk was highest in inactive women (≤1.7 MET-hrs/week) who also reported ≥10 hrs/day of sitting. Results were similar for CHD and stroke when examined separately. Associations between prolonged sitting and risk of CVD were stronger in overweight versus normal weight women and women aged 70 years and older compared to younger women. Conclusions Prolonged sitting time was associated with increased CVD risk, independent of leisure-time physical activity, in postmenopausal women without a history of CVD. A combination of low physical activity and prolonged sitting augments CVD risk.
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“five studies specifically investigated occupational-related physical activity or commuting activity,32,35,48,50,60 either as the primary objective or in addition to investigating leisure time activity.”
From Sex Differences in Physical Activity and Incident Stroke: A Systematic Review (2022) · cites this paper as [35]
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“and eight (29%) reported a non-significant association between physical activity and incident total stroke.30,33,35,41,56,62,64,65”
From Sex Differences in Physical Activity and Incident Stroke: A Systematic Review (2022) · cites this paper as [35]
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“3 (18%) of studies showed a significant effect in men but not in women”
From Sex Differences in Physical Activity and Incident Stroke: A Systematic Review (2022) · cites this paper as [35]
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“For example, ten or more hours of sitting per day increased cardiovascular diseases risk by 18 % (Hazard ratio = 1.18; 95% CI = 1.09–1.29) as compared to five or fewer hours [73]”
From Smoking, screen-based sedentary behavior, and diet associated with habitual sleep duration and chronotype: data from the UK Biobank (2016) · cites this paper as [73]
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Cites
Compendium of physical activities: an update of activity codes and MET intensities
AINSWORTH, B. E., HASKELL, W. L., WHITT, M. C., IRWIN, M. L., SWARTZ, A. M., STRATH, S. J., O???BRIEN, W. L., BASSETT, D. R., SCHMITZ, K. H., EMPLAINCOURT, P. O., et al. (2000) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1097/00005768-200009001-00009 · Cited by 8,497 · cited 1×
“Each type of activity was assigned a MET score on the basis of its energy cost (12), and physical activity-related energy expenditure (MET-h/week) was computed as the summed product of frequency, duration, and intensity.”
Flexible regression models with cubic splines
Durrleman, S., & Simon, R. M. (1989) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.4780080504 · Cited by 2,722 · cited 1×
“The possibility of nonlinear relations between sitting time, physical activity, and CVD were examined nonparametrically with restricted cubic splines (14).”
Too Much Sitting: The Population Health Science of Sedentary Behavior
Owen, N., Healy, G. N., Matthews, C. E., & Dunstan, D. W. (2010) · Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews · doi:10.1097/jes.0b013e3181e373a2 · Cited by 2,202 · cited 2×
“Sitting, a unique aspect of human behavior, might not simply represent the extreme low end of the physical activity continuum (7).”
Blundell, J. E., Baker, J. L., Boyland, E. J., Blaak, E. E., Charzewska, J., Henauw, S. D., Frühbeck, G., González‐Gross, M., Hebebrand, J., Holm, L., et al. (2017) · Obesity Facts · doi:10.1159/000455952 · Cited by 1,983
The Effects of Climate Change on Cardiac Health
De Blois, J., Kjellstrom, T., Agewall, S., Ezekowitz, J. A., Armstrong, P. W., & Atar, D. (2015) · Cardiology · doi:10.1159/000398787 · Cited by 1,697
Hamilton, M. T., Hamilton, D. G., & Zderic, T. W. (2007) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db07-0882 · Cited by 1,655
Sitting time and mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer
KATZMARZYK, P. T., CHURCH, T. S., CRAIG, C. L., & BOUCHARD, C. (2009) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e3181930355 · Cited by 1,611 · cited 2×
“Previous studies (16,18) have reported similar results, where the positive association between time spent sitting and mortality was stronger in overweight and obese versus normal weight individuals.”
Healy, G. N., Dunstan, D. W., Salmon, J., Cerin, E., Shaw, J. E., Zimmet, P. Z., & Owen, N. (2008) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc07-2046 · Cited by 1,465
Sedentary time and cardio-metabolic biomarkers in US adults: NHANES 2003–06
Healy, G. N., Matthews, C. E., Dunstan, D. W., Winkler, E. A. H., & Owen, N. (2011) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehq451 · Cited by 1,368 · cited 1×
“In accelerometer studies, having a higher number of breaks in sedentary time was inversely associated with waist circumference, BMI, triglycerides, 2-h plasma glucose, and C-reactive protein, independent of total time spent sitting and physical activity (22,23).”
Walking Compared with Vigorous Exercise for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Women
Manson, J. E., Greenland, P., LaCroix, A. Z., Stefanick, M. L., Mouton, C. P., Oberman, A., Perri, M. G., Sheps, D. S., Pettinger, M. B., & Siscovick, D. S. (2002) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa021067 · Cited by 1,349 · cited 4×
“Methods P articipants in the prospective Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study (n ¼ 71,018), 50 to 79 years of age and free of CVD at baseline (1993 to 1998), provided information on sedentary behavior, defined as hours of sitting/day, and usual physical activity at baseline and during follow-up through Septem…”
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Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2017 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Benjamin, E. J., Blaha, M. J., Chiuve, S. E., Cushman, M., Das, S. R., Deo, R., de Ferranti, S. D., Floyd, J., Fornage, M., Gillespie, C., et al. (2017) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000485 · Cited by 12,591
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2020 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Virani, S. S., Alonso, A., Benjamin, E. J., Bittencourt, M. S., Callaway, C. W., Carson, A. P., Chamberlain, A. M., Chang, A. R., Cheng, S., Delling, F. N., et al. (2020) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000757 · Cited by 9,175
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2019 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Benjamin, E. J., Muntner, P., Alonso, A., Bittencourt, M. S., Callaway, C. W., Carson, A. P., Chamberlain, A. M., Chang, A. R., Cheng, S., Das, S. R., et al. (2019) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000659 · Cited by 9,036
Heart disease and stroke statistics-2018 update: a report from the american heart association
Benjamin, E. J., Virani, S. S., Callaway, C. W., Chamberlain, A. M., Chang, A. R., Cheng, S., Chiuve, S. E., Cushman, M., Delling, F. N., Deo, R., et al. (2018) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000558 · Cited by 7,146
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2016 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Mozaffarian, D., Benjamin, E. J., Go, A. S., Arnett, D. K., Blaha, M. J., Cushman, M., Das, S. R., de Ferranti, S., Després, J.-P., Fullerton, H. J., et al. (2016) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000350 · Cited by 6,596
Metadata
- Authors
- Chomistek, A. K., Manson, J. E., Stefanick, M. L., Lu, B., Sands-Lincoln, M., Going, S. B., Garcia, L., Allison, M. A., Sims, S. T., LaMonte, M. J., Johnson, K. C., & Eaton, C. B.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Stanford University (US)
- University of Arizona (US)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York (US)
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center (US)
- Brown University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Chomistek, Andrea K.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-06
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 23
- Pages
- 2346-2354
- ISSN
- 0735-1097 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3676694
- OpenAlex
- W1495777861
- Semantic Scholar
- 5c485803781b186b6e6f011fd743b707d53f91ac
- Cited by
- 389
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 44 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 36 · 2015: 39 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 5
- FWCI
- 24.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL035464)
- National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
- National Cancer Institute (CA152904)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK007703-17)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Coffee research and impacts
- Keywords
- sedentary behavior, sitting time, physical activity, cardiovascular disease, coronary artery disease, stroke, postmenopausal women, energy balance, overweight, older women, Women's Health Initiative
- MeSH terms
- Age Factors, Aged, Cardiovascular Diseases, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Motor Activity, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Time Factors, United States, Cohort Studies, Body Mass Index, Incidence, Survival Rate, Multivariate Analysis, Proportional Hazards Models, Women's Health, Postmenopause, Risk Assessment, Overweight, Sedentary Behavior
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