Expression of α-tryptase and β-tryptase by human basophils
Open accessAbstract
Background Alpha and beta-tryptase levels in serum are clinical tools for the evaluation of systemic anaphylaxis and systemic mastocytosis. Basophils and mast cells are known to produce these proteins.Objective The current study examines the effect of the alpha,beta-tryptase genotype on basophil tryptase levels and the type of tryptase stored in these cells.Methods Tryptase extracted from purified peripheral blood basophils from 20 subjects was examined by using ELISAs measuring mature and total tryptase and by using an enzymatic assay with tosyl-Gly-Pro-Lys-p-nitroanilide. Tryptase genotypes (4:0, 3:1, and 2:2 beta/alpha ratios) were assessed by using a hot-stop PCR technique with alpha,beta-tryptase-specific primers. Total alpha,beta-tryptase mRNA was measured by means of competitive RT-PCR, and ratios of alpha to beta-tryptase mRNA were measured by means of hot-stop RT-PCR.Results Tryptase in all but one of the basophil preparations was mature and enzymatically active. Tryptase quantities in basophils were less than 1% of those in tissue mast cells. Tryptase genotypes (beta/alpha) among the 20 donors were 4:0 in 7, 3:1 in 7, and 2:2 in 6. Tryptase protein and mRNA levels per basophil were not affected by the tryptase genotype.Conclusion Basophils from healthy subjects contain modest amounts of mature and enzymatically active tryptase unaffected by the tryptase genotype.
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Tryptase is the most abundant granule-derived serine protease mainly produced by mast cells and to a much lesser extent by basophils.
“Tryptase is the most abundant granule-derived serine protease that is mainly produced by mast cells (MCs) and to a much lesser extent by basophils [1,2,3].”
From Diagnostic Significance of Tryptase for Suspected Mast Cell Disorders (2023) · cites this paper as [1]
The Abstract and Discussion say that mast cells contain substantially more tryptase per cell than peripheral blood basophils, supporting the cell-type comparison. The Abstract also describes β-tryptase as stored in secretory granules, but the paper does not establish that tryptase is the most abundant granule-derived serine protease. Page numbers are not available for these passages. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredMC contain more than 100-fold higher tryptase levels than basophils.
“MC contain more than 100-fold higher levels of tryptase than basophils (41,42).”
From Proposed Diagnostic Algorithm for Patients with Suspected Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
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- Authors
- Jogie-Brahim, S., Min, H.-K., Fukuoka, Y., Xia, H.-Z., & Schwartz, L. B.
- Affiliations
- Virginia Commonwealth University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Schwartz, Lawrence B.
- Venue
- Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-06
- Volume
- 113
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1086-1092
- ISSN
- 0091-6749 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2050149342
- Cited by
- 113
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 1.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (1r13ai027157-01)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI 27157, AI20487)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Mast cells and histamine
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Immunology and Allergy › Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Research
- Keywords
- beta-tryptase, basophils, mast cells, systemic anaphylaxis, systemic mastocytosis
- MeSH terms
- Basophils, Cell Line, Genotype, Humans, RNA, Messenger, Serine Endopeptidases, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Tryptases
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