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Cited by 211Substance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesYouth, Drugs, and ViolenceAdolescent Health and Behaviors

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 24 of the 24 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Risk and Protective Factors for Adolescent Substance Use: Findings from a Study in Selected Central American Countries

Kliewer, Wendy, Murrelle, Lenn·2007·Journal of Adolescent Health
DOI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2006.11.148
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Abstract

Purpose To identify the prevalence of substance use and problems with use, and risk and protective factors at different levels of the adolescent's ecology associated with substance use among adolescents in selected Central American countries.Methods Results of a survey of 17,215 students from Panama, Costa Rica, and Guatemala conducted in 2000-2001 served as the basis for the analyses. Lifetime use of alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, and five other drugs (inhalants, tranquilizers, cocaine, crack, and ecstasy), and problems with drugs and alcohol were the outcome variables. Risk factors included dysregulation, family problems with drugs/alcohol, negative family interactions, school disengagement, peer deviance, and exposure to community violence. Protective factors included a personal belief in God, positive family interactions, parent religiosity, and positive student-teacher interaction. Both hierarchical linear regression and logistic regression analyses were used to model main and interaction effects of risk and protective factors.Results There was a linear association between number of risk and protective factors and substance use, however, risk factors were more strongly associated with substance use than were protective factors. There were significant risk-by-protective-factor interactions for alcohol and marijuana use, and for problems with drugs and alcohol. Risk interacted most consistently with a personal belief in God, but also with parent religiosity and with student-teacher communication.Conclusions It is important to consider risk and protective factors at different levels of an adolescent's ecology. Prevention and intervention efforts should focus on interactions adolescents have in different microsystems (e.g., with parents, teachers, and peers).

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Metadata

Authors
Kliewer, W., & Murrelle, L.
Affiliations
Virginia Commonwealth University (US)
Corresponding author
Kliewer, Wendy
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Adolescent Health
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2007-05
Volume
40
Issue
5
Pages
448-455
ISSN
1054-139X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.jadohealth.2006.11.148
OpenAlex
W2035529961
Cited by
211
References
24
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 19
FWCI
7.11
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of Adolescent Health (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Youth, Drugs, and Violence
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Adolescent Health and Behaviors
Keywords
adolescent substance use, risk factors, protective factors, alcohol consumption, cannabis use, tobacco use, drug use problems, family dysfunction, peer deviance, community violence exposure, religiosity, student-teacher interaction, school disengagement, Central America, Panama, Costa Rica, Guatemala
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Alcoholism, Marijuana Abuse, Central America, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Cultural Characteristics, Developing Countries, Family Relations, Female, Humans, Male, Parent-Child Relations, Primary Prevention, Probability, Regression Analysis, Religion, Severity of Illness Index, Prevalence, Age Distribution, Sex Distribution, Risk Assessment, Substance-Related Disorders

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