Adolescents' Nonmedical Use of Prescription Medications and Other Problem Behaviors
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Purpose This study examines adolescent nonmedical use of prescription medications (NUPM) and its relationship to other problem behaviors.Methods A secondary analysis was conducted with data gathered from 912 adolescents in 2007. Four mutually exclusive groups were created from the data. Adolescents who: 1) did not use controlled prescription medications (nonusers); 2) used their own controlled medications as prescribed (medical-users); 3) engaged in nonmedical use for self-treatment motivations (self-treaters), and 4) engaged in nonmedical use for sensation-seeking motivations (sensation-seekers). These four groups were compared on problem behaviors as well as depression and impulsivity.Results Approximately 10.9% of the sample engaged in NUPM and 36.8% had a legal prescription for a controlled medication. Sensation-seekers were more likely to engage in most problem behaviors when compared with all other groups; impulsivity and depression was variable among groups.Conclusions The findings suggest there are different subtypes of nonmedical users of prescription medications.
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Problematic behaviors should be understood in terms of an individual's social and perceived environment, demographic characteristics, genetic/biological factors, and psychological characteristics including personality factors.
“Boyd et al. (2009) extended the conceptual model of PBT and asserted problematic behaviors should be understood in terms of an individual ' s social and perceived environment, demographic characteristics, genetic/ biological factors, and psychological characteristics including personality factors.”
From Problematic online behaviors among adolescents and emerging adults: associations between cyberbullying perpetration, problematic social media use, and psychosocial factors (2019) · cites this paper as Boyd et al. 2009
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- Authors
- Boyd, C. J., Young, A., Grey, M., & McCabe, S. E.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Eastern Michigan University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Boyd, Carol J.
- Venue
- Journal of Adolescent Health
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-12
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 543-550
- ISSN
- 1054-139X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2784421
- OpenAlex
- W2074146542
- Cited by
- 86
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 3.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Adolescent Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R03AA014601)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R03DA018272, R03DA020899, R01DA024678, R03DA018239)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neuroethics, Human Enhancement, Biomedical Innovations
- Keywords
- adolescents, controlled substances, sensation seeking, self-medication, behavioral problems, depression, impulsivity
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders, Male, Michigan, Conduct Disorder, Prescription Drugs, Off-Label Use
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