The DOI matches its Crossref record; 40 of the 43 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Longitudinal and Reciprocal Relations of Cyberbullying With Depression, Substance Use, and Problematic Internet Use Among Adolescents
Open accessAbstract
Purpose To analyze the temporal and reciprocal relationships between being a victim of cyberbullying (CB) and three frequent problems during adolescence: depressive symptoms, substance use, and problematic Internet use; also, to analyze whether the relationship between CB and these psychological and behavioral health problems differs as a function of being only a victim or being both bully and victim.Method A total of 845 adolescents (mean age = 15.2, SD = 1.2) completed measures at T1 and at T2, 6 months apart. The relationship among variables was analyzed using structural equation modeling.Results CB victimization at T1 predicted depressive symptoms and problematic Internet use at T2, and higher depressive symptoms and more substance use at T1 predicted more CB victimization at T2. However, the relationships of CB predicting substance use and problematic Internet use predicting CB were not significant. Bully-victims presented higher levels than victims of all three problem variables, both at T1 and T2.Conclusions CB is predictive of some significant psychological and behavioral health problems among adolescents. Intervention efforts should pay attention to these in the prevention and treatment of consequences of CB.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source doesn’t support the claim as written.
In the citing paper
“Cyberbullying can also have physical effects on victims such as weight loss or gain, substance abuse, headache, abdominal pain and sleeping problems (Gámez-Guadix et al., 2013;Jang et al., 2014).”
From A review of cyberbullying and suggestions for online psychological therapy (2015) · cites this paper as Gámez-Guadix et al., 2013
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Research indicates that this relationship between psychological problems and cyberbullying victimization is bidirectional, as individuals with pre-existing conditions are more vulnerable to cyberbullying, which in turn exacerbates their symptoms84.”
From Umbrella review of meta-analyses on the risk factors, protective factors, consequences and interventions of cyberbullying victimization (2024) · cites this paper as [84]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“research indicates that both cyber bullies and victims use the Internet as a coping mechanism in which they try to escape or avoid their feelings of distress (Gámez-Guadix et al., 2013).”
From A review of cyberbullying and suggestions for online psychological therapy (2015) · cites this paper as Gámez-Guadix et al., 2013
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The worst psychological impact has been related to being a bully/victim.”
From A review of cyberbullying and suggestions for online psychological therapy (2015) · cites this paper as Gámez-Guadix et al., 2013
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Gámez-Guadix et al. (2013) | 15.2 (mean years) | 845 Spain | Victim | Depressive symptoms”
From A review of cyberbullying and suggestions for online psychological therapy (2015) · cites this paper as Gámez-Guadix et al. (2013)
In the citing paper
“Cyberbullying victimization led to an increase in depressive symptoms, which in turn increased the probability of cyberbullying (Gámez-Guadix et al., 2013).”
From Social functioning in major depressive disorder (2016) · cites this paper as Gámez-Guadix et al., 2013
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
EQS : structural equations program manual
Bentler, P. M. (1989) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 9,669
A scaled difference chi-square test statistic for moment structure analysis
Satorra, A., & Bentler, P. M. (2001) · Psychometrika · doi:10.1007/bf02296192 · Cited by 5,282
Structural Equation Modeling With AMOS: Basic Concepts, Applications, and Programming, Third Edition
Byrne, B. M. (2016) · doi:10.4324/9781315757421 · Cited by 4,653
Byrne, B. M. (2013) · doi:10.4324/9780203805534 · Cited by 4,016
Tokunaga, R. S. (2010) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2009.11.014 · Cited by 2,566
Hankin, B. L., Abramson, L. Y., Moffitt, T. E., Silva, P. A., McGee, R., & Angell, K. E. (1998) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.107.1.128 · Cited by 2,333
Risk behavior in adolescence: A psychosocial framework for understanding and action
JESSOR, R. (1991) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/1054-139x(91)90007-k · Cited by 1,508
Cyberbullying: An Exploratory Analysis of Factors Related to Offending and Victimization
Hinduja, S., & Patchin, J. W. (2008) · Deviant Behavior · doi:10.1080/01639620701457816 · Cited by 1,497
Online aggressor/targets, aggressors, and targets: a comparison of associated youth characteristics
Ybarra, M. L., & Mitchell, K. J. (2004) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00328.x · Cited by 1,313
Risk Behavior in Adolescence: A Psychosocial Framework for Understanding and Action
Jessor, R. (2021) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780429046582-4 · Cited by 1,216
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Spanish Society of Epidemilogy, 2000, Una propuesta de medida de clase social (Proposal for a social class measure), Aten Primaria, 20, 350
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 501–530 of 530
Cyberbullying in Twenty-First-Century Schools
Zych, I., Rey, R. D., & Ruiz, R. O. (2023) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781107165250.041
Yukang, X., & Zhu, L. (2023) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781107165250.034
A contribuição da cultura digital em processos de educação em saúde na escola
Braga, N. G. D. S., da Silva, G., & Zukowsky-Tavares, C. (2024) · Life Style · doi:10.19141/2237-3756.lifestyle.v11.n00.pe1591
Nazarov, V. L., Averbukh, N. V., & Buinacheva, A. V. (2024) · The Education and science journal · doi:10.17853/1994-5639-2025-1-130-167
The Impact of Bullying on Adolescent : A Systematic Review
Paramita, S., Palipung, R. Y., & Ni'matuzahroh (2024) · International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM) · doi:10.18535/ijsrm/v12i12.sh01
Sevilgen, M., & TOLAN, Ö. Ç. (2025) · Bartın University Journal of Faculty of Education · doi:10.14686/buefad.1339971
YAZICIOĞLU, T., & Özer, E. (2025) · International Journal of Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1080/20473869.2025.2462914 · Cited by 1
Kawabe, H., Kawakami, S., Fujita, A., YAMAMURA, J., Senju, A., Tsuchiya, K. J., & Nishimura, T. (2025) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-025-06937-2
Averbukh, N. V. (2025) · Èkstremalʹnaâ psihologiâ i bezopasnostʹ ličnosti. · doi:10.17759/epps.2025020206
Mokrzycka, K. (2025) · Law Technology and Humans · doi:10.5204/lthj.3931
Cortázar, N., Orue, I., & Calvete, E. (2025) · Journal for the Study of Education and Development Infancia y Aprendizaje · doi:10.1177/02103702251353050
Self-citation11. Young People’s Online Engagement During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic
Klanjšek, R., Jagodić, G. K., & Potočnik, D. (2025) · doi:10.18690/um.ff.7.2025.11
Peprah-Donkor, K., Hagan, V. M., Gbafu, F. B., Ansong-Aggrey, S. K., Okwei, R., Afetor, M., Adjei, N. B., Nachibi, S. U., Bonsu, E. O., Adu, C., et al. (2025) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108603 · Cited by 1
Adolescent cyberbullying and polysubstance use: unpacking sex differences
Richardson, M. K., Agbonlahor, O., Hart, J. L., Diaby, M., & Mattingly, D. T. (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-24108-2
Tabuk, M. E., & Akbaş, M. (2025) · DergiPark (Istanbul University)
Duc, T. M. (2026) · Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties · doi:10.1080/13632752.2026.2649694 · Cited by 1
Huang, B., Long, Q., Yu, J., Qiu, J., Huang, Y., Wu, J., & Huang, G. (2026) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0345717
Roura, M. T., & Mauro, P. M. (2026) · doi:10.2196/preprints.100667
Cyberbullying as a form of digital aggression: psychosocial characteristics and mental health impact
Bazhanova, L. S., & Олегович, Б. П. (2026) · Psikhiatriya · doi:10.30629/2618-6667-2026-24-2-119-130
Geng, J., Pan, S., Liu, Y., Zhao, J., & Jiao, L. (2026) · Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma · doi:10.1007/s40653-026-00918-y
Crane, K., Hj, M., Weissinger, G., Domoff, S. E., Bernhardt, P. W., Harris, S., Hughes, S., & Yost, J. (2026) · Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association · doi:10.1177/10783903261460003
Sorrentino, A., Santamato, M., & Aquino, A. (2026) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs16081303
Cyberbullying and mental health in adolescents: bidirectional approach
Ferreira, T. R. D. S. C., Avanci, J. Q., Pinto, L. W., & de Assis, S. G. (2026) · Ciência & Saúde Coletiva · doi:10.1590/1413-81232026318.07052026 · Cited by 2
Sarı, S. V. (2026) · British Journal of Guidance and Counselling · doi:10.1080/03069885.2026.2709781
Lopez, G. D., Mesa, M. L. R. A., Villasanta, A. P. V. P., Salvador, L. L., & Madrid, B. J. (2026) · Child Protection and Practice · doi:10.1016/j.chipro.2026.100343
Roura, M. T., & Mauro, P. M. (2026) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/100667
Bai, Y. (2026) · Frontiers in Humanities and Social Sciences · doi:10.54691/qcnsxn77
Navarro-Vitoria, A., Patró-Hernández, R. M., Galvez-Sánchez, C. M., & Gras, R. M. L. (2026) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs16101733
Amin, R., & Asgar, A. R. (2026) · PLOS mental health. · doi:10.1371/journal.pmen.0000722
Gundogan, N., & Güney, S. A. (2026) · Studies in Psychology Estudios de Psicología · doi:10.1177/02109395261497658
Metadata
- Authors
- Gámez-Guadix, M., Orue, I., Smith, P. K., & Calvete, E.
- Affiliations
- Universidad de Deusto (ES)
- Goldsmiths University of London (GB)
- Venue
- Journal of Adolescent Health
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-10
- Volume
- 53
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 446-452
- ISSN
- 1054-139X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2163169807
- Cited by
- 532
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 48 · 2022: 56 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 48 · 2019: 63 · 2018: 44 · 2017: 45 · 2016: 36 · 2015: 42 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 47.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Adolescent Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (PSI2012-31550)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection
- Keywords
- cyberbullying, cyber victimization, bully-victims, depressive symptoms, substance use, problematic internet use, adolescents, bidirectional relationship, longitudinal associations, adolescent mental health
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Spain, Crime Victims, Substance-Related Disorders, Internet, Bullying
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
