Cited by 157Mental Health Treatment and AccessSchool Health and Nursing EducationSuicide and Self-Harm Studies

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Gatekeeper Training and Access to Mental Health Care at Universities and Colleges

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Lipson, Sarah Ketchen, Speer, Nicole, Brunwasser, Steven, Hahn, Elisabeth, Eisenberg, Daniel·2014·Journal of Adolescent Health

DOI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.05.009PMC PMC4209329

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Abstract

Purpose Gatekeeper training (GKT) programs are an increasingly popular approach to addressing access to mental health care in adolescent and young adult populations. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a widely used GKT program, Mental Health First Aid, in college student populations.Methods A randomized control trial was conducted on 32 colleges and universities between 2009 and 2011. Campus residence halls were assigned to the intervention (Mental Health First Aid plus pre-existing trainings) or control condition (pre-existing trainings only) using matched pair randomization. The trainings were delivered to resident advisors (RAs). Outcome measures include service utilization, knowledge and attitudes about services, self-efficacy, intervention behaviors, and mental health symptoms. Data come from two sources: (1) surveys completed by the students (resident advisors and residents; N = 2,543), 2-3 months pre- and post-intervention; and (2) utilization records from campus mental health centers, aggregated by residence.Results The training increases trainees' self-perceived knowledge (regression-adjusted effect size [ES] = .38, p < .001), self-perceived ability to identify students in distress (ES = .19, p = .01), and confidence to help (ES = .17, p = .04). There are no apparent effects, however, on utilization of mental health care in the student communities in which the trainees live.Conclusions Although GKT programs are widely used to increase access to mental health care, these programs may require modifications to achieve their objectives.

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Authors: Lipson, S. K., Speer, N., Brunwasser, S., Hahn, E., & Eisenberg, D.
Affiliations: University of Michigan (US)
University of Colorado Boulder (US)
Vanderbilt University (US)
Harvard University (US)
Corresponding author: Eisenberg, Daniel
ORCID: Lipson, Sarah Ketchen
Speer, Nicole
Brunwasser, Steven
Eisenberg, Daniel
Venue: Journal of Adolescent Health
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2014-11
Volume: 55
Issue: 5
Pages: 612-619
ISSN: 1054-139X (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.05.009
PMC: PMC4209329
OpenAlex: W2068767952
Cited by: 157
References: 22
Citations by year: 2026: 10 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 51 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 2
FWCI: 11.84
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Adolescent Health (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: AcademyHealth
National Institutes of Health (5rc1mh089757-02)
National Institute of Mental Health (1RC1MH089757-01, RC1 MH089757)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › School Health and Nursing Education
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
Keywords: gatekeeper training, mental health first aid, university students, access to mental health care, resident advisors, university mental health services, service utilization, self-efficacy, adolescent and young adult mental health
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Mental Disorders, Communication, Counseling, Crisis Intervention, Female, Health Services Accessibility, Humans, Inservice Training, Male, Preventive Health Services, Problem-Based Learning, Gatekeeping, Young Adult

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Gatekeeper Training and Access to Mental Health Care at Universities and Colleges

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