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Characterization of expiration air jets and droplet size distributions immediately at the mouth opening
Open accessAbstract
Size distributions of expiratory droplets expelled during coughing and speaking and the velocities of the expiration air jets of healthy volunteers were measured. Droplet size was measured using the interferometric Mie imaging (IMI) technique while the particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique was used for measuring air velocity. These techniques allowed measurements in close proximity to the mouth and avoided air sampling losses. The average expiration air velocity was 11.7 m/s for coughing and 3.9 m/s for speaking. Under the experimental setting, evaporation and condensation effects had negligible impact on the measured droplet size. The geometric mean diameter of droplets from coughing was 13.5 μm and it was 16.0 μm for speaking (counting 1–100). The estimated total number of droplets expelled ranged from 947 to 2085 per cough and 112–6720 for speaking. The estimated droplet concentrations for coughing ranged from 2.4 to 5.2 cm−3 per cough and 0.004–0.223 cm−3 for speaking.
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Cites
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Airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2: The world should face the reality
Morawska, L., & Cao, J. (2020) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.105730 · Cited by 1,728
Self-citationAirborne transmission of respiratory viruses
Wang, C. C., Prather, K. A., Sznitman, J., Jimenez, J. L., Lakdawala, S. S., Tufekci, Z., & Marr, L. C. (2021) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abd9149 · Cited by 1,543
Aerosol Emission and Superemission during Human Speech Increase with Voice Loudness
Asadi, S., Wexler, A. S., Cappa, C. D., Barreda, S., Bouvier, N. M., & Ristenpart, W. D. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-38808-z · Cited by 919
The role of particle size in aerosolised pathogen transmission: a review
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Infectious virus in exhaled breath of symptomatic seasonal influenza cases from a college community
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Metadata
- Authors
- Chao, C. Y. H., Wan, M. P., Morawska, L., Johnson, G. R., Ristovski, Z. D., Hargreaves, M., Mengersen, K., Corbett, S., Li, Y., Xie, X., & Katoshevski, D.
- Venue
- Journal of Aerosol Science
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-02
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 122-133
- ISSN
- 0021-8502 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2019398050
- Cited by
- 1,087
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 14.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- Licence
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
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- Chao, C. Y. H., Wan, M. P., Morawska, L., Johnson, G. R., Ristovski, Z. D., Hargreaves, M., Mengersen, K., Corbett, S., Li, Y., Xie, X., & Katoshevski, D. (2009). Characterization of expiration air jets and droplet size distributions immediately at the mouth opening. Journal of Aerosol Science. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2008.10.003
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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