The DOI matches its Crossref record; 36 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Randomized Controlled Trial of Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training for Older Consumers With Schizophrenia: Defeatist Performance Attitudes and Functional Outcome
Open accessAbstract
Objectives To determine whether Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training (CBSST) is an effective psychosocial intervention to improve functioning in older consumers with schizophrenia, and whether defeatist performance attitudes are associated with change in functioning in CBSST.Design An 18-month, single-blind, randomized controlled trial.Setting Outpatient clinic at a university-affiliated Veterans Affairs hospital.Participants Veteran and non-veteran consumers with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (N = 79) age 45-78.Interventions CBSST was a 36-session, weekly group therapy that combined cognitive behavior therapy with social skills training and problem-solving training to improve functioning. The comparison intervention, goal-focused supportive contact (GFSC), was supportive group therapy focused on achieving functioning goals.Measurements Blind raters assessed functioning (primary outcome: Independent Living Skills Survey), CBSST skill mastery, positive and negative symptoms, depression, anxiety, defeatist attitudes, self-esteem, and life satisfaction.Results Functioning trajectories over time were significantly more positive in CBSST than in GFSC, especially for participants with more severe defeatist performance attitudes. Greater improvement in defeatist attitudes was also associated with better functioning in CBSST, but not GFSC. Both treatments showed comparable significant improvements in amotivation, depression, anxiety, positive self-esteem, and life satisfaction.Conclusions CBSST is an effective treatment to improve functioning in older consumers with schizophrenia, and both CBSST and other supportive goal-focused interventions can reduce symptom distress, increase motivation and self-esteem, and improve life satisfaction. Participants with more severe defeatist performance attitudes may benefit most from cognitive behavioral interventions that target functioning.Trial registry ClinicalTrials.Gov #NCT00237796 (http://clinicaltrials. gov/show/NCT00237796).
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“While there was no significant change in psychopathology in pharmacologically stabilized patients, there was significant improvement in social activities, cognitive insight and mastery of problem‐solving skills, as well as a reduction in defeatist attitudes, at the end of the intervention.”
From Mental health care for older adults: recent advances and new directions in clinical practice and research (2022) · cites this paper as [277]
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Cites
The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia.
Kay, S. R., Fiszbein, A., & Opler, L. A. (1987) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/13.2.261 · Cited by 21,378 · cited 7×
“Inter-rater reliability (interclass correlation) was .88 for PANSS total, .87 for PANSS positive, and .83 for SANS total.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialMediators and Moderators of Treatment Effects in Randomized Clinical Trials
Kraemer, H. C., Wilson, G. T., Fairburn, C. G., & Agras, W. S. (2002) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.59.10.877 · Cited by 2,562
Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia: Definition and Reliability
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“A meta-analysis of 35 CBT clinical trials (9) recently showed that, although the vast majority of studies focused on positive symptoms as the primary treatment target, CBT also had beneficial impact on functioning.”
BackgroundThe Schizophrenia Patient Outcomes Research Team (PORT): Updated Treatment Recommendations 2003
Lehman, A. F., Kreyenbuhl, J. A., Buchanan, R. W., Dickerson, F., Dixon, L. B., Goldberg, R., Green-Paden, L. D., Tenhula, W. N., Boerescu, D. A., Tek, C., et al. (2004) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a007071 · Cited by 754 · cited 2×
“Evidence-based psychosocial interventions that improve functioning have been identified and recommended in best practice guidelines, but these practices are rarely available to most people with schizophrenia, especially older consumers (3).”
Background(1978) · Cited by 684
The Structure of Negative Symptoms Within Schizophrenia: Implications for Assessment
Blanchard, J. J., & Cohen, A. S. (2005) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbj013 · Cited by 649
Consensus Statement on the Upcoming Crisis in Geriatric Mental Health
Jeste, D. V., Alexopoulos, G. S., Bartels, S. J., Cummings, J. L., Gallo, J. J., Gottlieb, G. L., Halpain, M. C., Palmer, B. W., Patterson, T. L., Reynolds, C. F., et al. (1999) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.56.9.848 · Cited by 517
Self-citationThe Schizophrenia Patient Outcomes Research Team (PORT): Updated Treatment Recommendations 2009
Kreyenbuhl, J., Buchanan, R. W., Dickerson, F. B., & Dixon, L. B. (2010) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbp130 · Cited by 499
Insel, T. R. (2009) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2008.540 · Cited by 459 · cited 2×
“It has become a national research priority to identify treatments to improve community role functioning and quality of life in people with severe mental illnesses (2).”
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Jauhar, S., McKenna, P. J., Radua, J., Fung, E., Salvador, R., & Laws, K. R. (2014) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.112.116285 · Cited by 517
“Given that CBT technique varied considerably across the studies, those that incorporated additional elements of therapy such as motivational interviewing, 36 family engagement, 52 behaviour therapy 53 and social skills training 42,54 were not excluded.”
Reynolds, C. F., Jeste, D. V., Sachdev, P. S., & Blazer, D. G. (2022) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20996 · Cited by 465
Self-citationA Meta-Analysis of Social Skills Training and Related Interventions for Psychosis
Turner, D. T., Glanaghy, E. M., Cuijpers, P. J., van der Gaag, M., Karyotaki, E., & MacBeth, A. M. (2017) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbx146 · Cited by 252
Thomas, M. L., Green, M. F., Hellemann, G., Sugar, C. A., Tarasenko, M., Calkins, M. E., Greenwood, T. A., Gur, R. E., Gur, R. C., Lazzeroni, L. C., et al. (2017) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2016.2980 · Cited by 206
Granholm, E. L., Holden, J. L., Link, P. C., & McQuaid, J. R. (2014) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0037098 · Cited by 167
“These findings replicated the results of two prior CBSST clinical trials with older adults (Granholm et al., 2005, 2007, 2013) and extended the evidence for better functional outcome to a more representative sample of consumers with schizophrenia.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Granholm, E., Holden, J., Link, P. C., McQuaid, J. R., & Jeste, D. V.
- Affiliations
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Corresponding author
- Granholm, Eric
- Venue
- The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-03
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 251-262
- ISSN
- 1064-7481 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3467335
- OpenAlex
- W2001567631
- Cited by
- 135
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 7
- FWCI
- 8.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH071410, P30MH66248, P30MH066248)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Counseling, Therapy, and Family Dynamics
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, older adults, functional outcome, independent living skills, schizoaffective disorder, veterans, supportive group therapy, amotivation, self-esteem, life satisfaction, problem-solving training, social skills training
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aging, Attitude, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Compliance, Problem Solving, Psychotherapy, Group, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Social Adjustment, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Single-Blind Method, Treatment Outcome
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