Depressive symptoms predict incident dementia during short‐ but not long‐term follow‐up period
Open accessAbstract
Background: Whether depression is a long‐term risk factor for dementia or represents a dementia prodrome is unclear. Therefore, we examined the relationship between depressive symptoms and dementia during short and long follow‐up in a population‐based cohort. Methods: In the Rotterdam Study, 4393 nondemented individuals were followed for incident dementia for 13.7 years by continuous monitoring. Cox proportional hazards models for different time intervals were used to estimate the risk of incident dementia. Results: Five‐hundred eighty‐two participants developed dementia during 13.7 years. Persons with depressive symptoms had an 8% increased risk of dementia compared with those without depressive symptoms during the overall follow‐up. The risk was highest in the short and intermediate follow‐up, particularly in men. We did not find an association in the follow‐up period beyond 10 years. Conclusion: Our results suggest that late‐life depressive symptoms are part of a dementia prodrome rather than an independent risk factor of dementia.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Depression is associated with an increased risk of dementia (RR 2.25, 1.69-2.98, I2=82.8%).
“we performed a random effects meta-analysis using the seven studies with a 10 to 14-year follow-up (104-111) and found an increased risk of dementia (RR 2.25, 1.69 -2.98 I 2 = 82.8% )”
From Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2024 report of the Lancet standing Commission (2024) · cites this paper as [108]
Depression is associated with an increased risk of dementia (RR 2.25, 1.69-2.98, I2=82.8%).
“we performed a random effects meta-analysis using the seven studies with a 10 to 14-year follow-up (104-111) and found an increased risk of dementia (RR 2.25, 1.69 -2.98 I 2 = 82.8% )”
From Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2024 report of the Lancet standing Commission (2024) · cites this paper as [109]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E., & McHugh, P. R. (1975) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 · Cited by 88,282 · see citing works
McKhann, G., Drachman, D., Folstein, M., Katzman, R., Price, D., & Stadlan, E. M. (1984) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.34.7.939 · Cited by 27,915 · see citing works
World Health Organization, I. S. O. H. W. G. (2003) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/00004872-200311000-00002 · Cited by 2,654 · see citing works
Roth, M., Tym, E., Mountjoy, C. Q., Huppert, F. A., Hendrie, H., Verma, S., & Goddard, R. (1986) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.149.6.698 · Cited by 2,090 · see citing works
Melnick, V. L., & Dubler, N. N. (1985) · Contemporary Issues in Biomedicine, Ethics, and Society · doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-5174-3 · Cited by 1,986 · see citing works
Dementia: a public health priority
Acosta, D. M., Krishnamoorthy, E. S., Wortmann, M., Prince, M. J., & Saxena, S. (2012) · Cited by 1,955 · see citing works
The Rotterdam Study: objectives and design update
Albert Hofman, D., Breteler, M. M. B., van Duijn, C. M., Krestin, G. P., Pols, H. A. P., Stricker, B. H. C., Tiemeier, H. W., Uitterlinden, A. G., Vingerling, J. R., & Witteman, J. C. M. (2007) · European Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s10654-007-9199-x · Cited by 1,404 · see citing works
Self-citationDepression and risk of developing dementia
Byers, A. L., & Yaffe, K. (2011) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2011.60 · Cited by 1,265 · see citing works
Review of community prevalence of depression in later life
Beekman, A. T. F., Copeland, J. R. M., & Prince, M. J. (1999) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.174.4.307 · Cited by 1,139 · see citing works
Beekman, A. T. F., Deeg, D. J. H., van Limbeek, J., Braam, A. W., VRIES, M. Z. D., & van Tilburg, W. (1997) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291796003510 · Cited by 1,135 · see citing works
Copeland, J. R. M., Kelleher, M., Kellett, J. M., Gourlay, A. J., Gurland, B. J., Fleiss, J. L., & Sharpe, L. (1976) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291700015889 · Cited by 703 · see citing works
Pathways linking late-life depression to persistent cognitive impairment and dementia
Butters, M. A., Young, J. K., López, O. L., Aizenstein, H. J., Mulsant, B. H., Reynolds, C. F., DeKosky, S. T., & Becker, J. T. (2008) · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.31887/dcns.2008.10.3/mabutters · Cited by 538 · see citing works
Depressive symptoms and risk of dementia: The Framingham Heart Study
Saczynski, J. S., Beiser, A., Seshadri, S., Auerbach, S., Wolf, P. A., & Au, R. (2010) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181e62138 · Cited by 488 · see citing works
Midlife vs Late-Life Depressive Symptoms and Risk of Dementia
Yaffe, K. (2012) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.1481 · Cited by 449 · see citing works
Hollander, M., Bots, M. L., del Sol, A. I., Koudstaal, P. J., Witteman, J. C. M., Grobbee, D. E., Hofman, A., & Breteler, M. M. B. (2002) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000018650.58984.75 · Cited by 368 · see citing works
Self-citationHébert, R., Lindsay, J., Verreault, R., Rockwood, K. J., Hill, G. B., & Dubois, M. (2000) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.31.7.1487 · Cited by 328 · see citing works
The Temporal Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Dementia
Chen, P., Ganguli, M., Mulsant, B. H., & DeKosky, S. T. (1999) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.56.3.261 · Cited by 318 · see citing works
Enache, D., Winblad, B. G., & Aarsland, D. (2011) · Current Opinion in Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/yco.0b013e32834bb9d4 · Cited by 315 · see citing works
Prevalence of depressive symptoms and syndromes in later life in ten European countries
Costa, E., Dewey, M. E., Stewart, R. J., Banerjee, S., Huppert, F. A., de Mendonça-Lima, C. A., Büla, C., Reisches, F., Wancata, J., Ritchie, K. A., et al. (2007) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.107.036772 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
The Vascular Depression Hypothesis: 10 Years Later
Alexopoulos, G. S. (2006) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.09.006 · Cited by 253 · see citing works
Geerlings, M. I., den Heijer, T., Koudstaal, P. J., Hofman, A., & Breteler, M. M. B. (2008) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000308937.30473.d1 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Self-citationNeurochemical Correlates of Major Depression in Primary Dementia
Zubenko, G. S., Moossy, J. J., & Kopp, U. (1990) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.1990.00530020117023 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Depressive symptoms, sex, and risk for Alzheimer's disease
Forno, G. D., Palermo, M. T., Donohue, J. E., Karagiozis, H., Zonderman, A. B., & Kawas, C. H. (2005) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.20405 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Incidence and Recurrence of Late-Life Depression
Luijendijk, H. J., van den Berg, J. F., Dekker, M. J. H. J., van Tuijl, H. R., Otte, W., Smit, F., Albert Hofman, D., Stricker, B. H. C., & Tiemeier, H. W. (2008) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.65.12.1394 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Self-citationDufouil, C., Fuhrer, R., Dartigues, J., & Alpérovitch, A. (1996) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008974 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Temporal Relationship Between Depression and Dementia
Li, G. (2011) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.86 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Education and Risk for Alzheimer's Disease: Sex Makes a Difference EURODEM Pooled Analyses
Letenneur, L., Launer, J., Andersen, K., Dewey, M. E., Ott, A., Copeland, J. R. M., Dartigues, J., Kragh-Sørensen, P., Baldereschi, M., Brayne, C., et al. (2000) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a010149 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Do Depressive Symptoms Predict Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia?
Gatz, J. L., Tyas, S. L., John, P. S., & Montgomery, P. R. (2005) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/60.6.744 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Fuhrer, R., Dufouil, C., Dartigues, J., & Study, F. T. P. (2003) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1046/j.1532-5415.2003.51352.x · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Severity of depression and risk for subsequent dementia: cohort studies in China and the UK
Chen, R., Hu, Z., Wei, L., Qin, X., McCracken, C., & Copeland, J. R. M. (2008) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.107.044974 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Depression and the Risk of Alzheimer Disease
Andersen, K., Lolk, A., rensen, P. K.-S., Petersen, N. E., & Green, A. (2005) · Epidemiology · doi:10.1097/01.ede.0000152116.32580.24 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
The complex relationship between depression and dementia
Varghese, M., & Prasad-Muliyala, K. (2010) · Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology · doi:10.4103/0972-2327.74248 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Retinopathy and risk of dementia
Schrijvers, E. M. C., Buitendijk, G. H. S., Ikram, M. K., Koudstaal, P. J., Albert Hofman, D., Vingerling, J. R., & Breteler, M. M. B. (2012) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e318260cd7e · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Self-citationNeuropsychological Predictors of Dementia in Late-Life Major Depressive Disorder
Potter, G. G., Wagner, H. R., Burke, J. R., Plassman, B. L., Welsh-Bohmer, K. A., & Steffens, D. C. (2013) · American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2012.12.009 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Lai, M. K. P., Tsang, S. W. Y., Esiri, M. M., Francis, P. T., Wong, P. T. ‐., & Chen, C. (2010) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-010-1936-2 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Alberti (1998) · doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9136(199807)15:7
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 37 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Beekman AT, Deeg DJ, Van LJ, Braam AW, De Vries MZ, van TW. Criterion validity of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D): results from a community-based sample of older sub- jects in The Netherlands. Psychol Med 1997;27:231-5.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2024 report of the Lancet standing Commission
Livingston, G., Huntley, J., Liu, K. Y., Costafreda, S. G., Selbæk, G., Alladi, S., Ames, D., Banerjee, S., Burns, A., Brayne, C., et al. (2024) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(24)01296-0 · Cited by 3,860 · see citing works
10-year trajectories of depressive symptoms and risk of dementia: a population-based study
Mirza, S. S., Wolters, F. J., Swanson, S. A., Koudstaal, P. J., Albert Hofman, D., Tiemeier, H. W., & Ikram, M. A. (2016) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(16)00097-3 · Cited by 371 · see citing works
Self-citationDepression as a modifiable factor to decrease the risk of dementia
Almeida, O. P., Hankey, G. J., Yeap, B. B., Golledge, J., & Flicker, L. (2017) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2017.90 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Pathways Connecting Late-Life Depression and Dementia
Linnemann, C., & Lang, U. E. (2020) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.00279 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Association between Benzodiazepine Use and Dementia: A Meta-Analysis
Zhong, G., Wang, Y., Zhang, Y., & Zhao, Y. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0127836 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
van der Willik, K. D., Koppelmans, V., Hauptmann, M., Compter, A., Ikram, M. A., & Schagen, S. B. (2018) · Breast Cancer Research · doi:10.1186/s13058-018-1062-3 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Self-citationLucchetta, R. C., da Mata, B. P. M., & Mastroianni, P. D. C. (2018) · Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy · doi:10.1002/phar.2170 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Mild cognitive impairment and risk of depression and anxiety: A population‐based study
Mirza, S. S., Ikram, M. A., Bos, D., Mihăescu, R., Albert Hofman, D., & Tiemeier, H. W. (2016) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2016.06.2361 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Self-citationBae, J. B., Kim, Y. J., Han, J. W., Kim, T. H., Park, J. H., Lee, S. B., Lee, J. J., Jeong, H., Kim, J. L., Jhoo, J. H., et al. (2014) · Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders · doi:10.1159/000366555 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Brăilean, A., Aartsen, M., Terrera, G. M., Prince, M. J., Prina, M. A., Comijs, H. C., Huisman, M. A., & Beekman, A. T. F. (2016) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s003329171600297x · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Freak-Poli, R., Wagemaker, N., Wang, R., Lysen, T. S., Ikram, M. A., Vernooij, M. W., Dintica, C. S., Vernooij-Dassen, M., Melis, R. J. F., Laukka, E. J., et al. (2022) · Journal of Alzheimer's Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-210330 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Self-citationDepression in Dementia or Dementia in Depression? Systematic Review of Studies and Hypotheses
Brzezińska, A., Bourke, J. H., Rivera‐Hernández, R., Tsolaki, M., Woźniak, J., & Kaźmierski, J. (2020) · Current Alzheimer Research · doi:10.2174/1567205017666200217104114 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Soh, Y., Tiemeier, H. W., Kawachi, I. I., Berkman, L. F., & Kubzansky, L. D. (2022) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.121.037768 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Self-citationApathy is associated with incident dementia in community-dwelling older people
van Dalen, J. W., van Wanrooij, L. L., van Charante, E. P. M., Richard, E., & van Gool, W. A. (2017) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000004767 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Wu, J.-J., Wang, H., Yao, W., Yan, Z., & Pei, J.-J. (2020) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.059 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Stéphan, Y., Sutin, A. R., Luchetti, M., & Terracciano, A. (2018) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.02.008 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Depression as a Risk Factor for Dementia: A Meta-Analysis
Fernández, R. F., Íbias, J., & Antón, M. A. M. (2023) · Journal of Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20230043 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Ezzati, A., Katz, M. J., Derby, C. A., Zimmerman, M. E., & Lipton, R. B. (2019) · Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology · doi:10.1177/0891988718824036 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Boccia, M., Acierno, M., & Piccardi, L. (2015) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-142955 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Risk factors of geriatric depression in rural China based on a generalized estimating equation
Zhao, D., Hu, C., Chen, J., Dong, B., Ren, Q., Yu, D., Zhao, Y., Li, J., Huang, Y., & Sun, Y. (2018) · International Psychogeriatrics · doi:10.1017/s1041610218000030 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Fatores associados à demência em idosos
dos Santos, C. D. S., de Bessa, T. A., & Xavier, A. J. (2020) · Ciência & Saúde Coletiva · doi:10.1590/1413-81232020252.02042018 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Lara, E., Koyanagi, A., Domènech‐Abella, J., Miret, M., Ayuso‐Mateos, J. L., & Haro, J. M. (2017) · Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders · doi:10.1159/000455227 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Du, M., Tao, L., Liu, M., & Liu, J. (2024) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-024-03245-x · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Mehta, K., Thandavan, S. P., Mohebbi, M., Pasco, J. A., Williams, L. J., Walder, K. R., Ng, B. L., & Gupta, V. B. (2022) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2022.101575 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Investigating the relationship between age of onset of depressive disorder and cognitive function
Eraydin, I. E., Mueller, C., Corbett, A., Ballard, C. G., Brooker, H. J., Wesnes, K. A., Aarsland, D., & Huntley, J. D. (2018) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.4979 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Effects of Comorbid Depression and Diabetes Mellitus on Cognitive Decline in Older Mexican Americans
Downer, B. G., Vickers, B. N., Snih, S. A., Raji, M. A., & Markides, K. S. (2016) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.13883 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Brain, J., Alshahrani, M., Kafadar, A. H., Tang, E. Y. H., Burton, E., Greene, L., Turnbull, D. A., MYERS, B. J., Naheed, A., Siervo, M., et al. (2025) · EClinicalMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2025.103266 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Zhao, Y., Yin, M., Yao, X., & Li, Z. (2021) · Geriatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.gerinurse.2021.06.028 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Peakman, G., Karunatilake, N., Seynaeve, M., Perera, G., Aarsland, D., Stewart, R. J., & Mueller, C. (2020) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035147 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Wu, T., Li, C., Zhu, Y., Ma, Y., Hua, R., Zhong, B., & Xie, W. (2022) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.06.001 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Depression as a Prodromal Symptom of Neurodegenerative Diseases
Tateno, A., Nogami, T., Sakayori, T., Yamamoto, K., & Okubo, Y. (2023) · Journal of Nippon Medical School · doi:10.1272/jnms.jnms.2023_90-216 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Trajectories of Cognitive Function Prior to Cancer Diagnosis: A Population-Based Study
van der Willik, K. D., Hauptmann, M., Jóźwiak, K., Vinke, E. J., Ruiter, R., Stricker, B. H. C., Compter, A., Ikram, M. A., & Schagen, S. B. (2019) · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/djz178 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationLuchesi, B. M., Melo, B. R. D. S., Balderrama, P., Gratão, A. C. M., Chagas, M. H. N., Pavarini, S. C. I., & Martins, T. C. R. (2021) · Dementia & Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1590/1980-57642021dn15-020012 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Norton, J. L., Carrière, I., Pérès, K., Gabelle, A., Berr, C., Ritchie, K. A., & Ancelin, M. (2019) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-019-0620-5 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
β-amyloid pathology is not associated with depression in a large community sample autopsy study
Saldanha, N. M., Suemoto, C. K., Rodriguez, R. D., Leite, R. E. P., Nascimento, C. F., Ferretti‐Rebustini, R. E. D. L., da Silva, M. M., Pasqualucci, C. A., Nitríni, R., Filho, W. J., et al. (2020) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.09.062 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
A Late Life Risk Index for Severe Cognitive Impairment in Mexico
Downer, B. G., Veeranki, S. P., & Wong, R. (2016) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-150702 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Zhong, X.-M., Ning, Y.-P., Gu, Y., Wu, Z.-Y., Ouyang, C., Liang, W., Chen, B., Peng, Q., Mai, N., Wu, Y., et al. (2018) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2018.07.052 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Sex-Specific Associations Between Depressive Symptoms and Risk for Subsequent Dementia
Heser, K., Kleineidam, L., Pabst, A., Wiese, B., Röhr, S., Löbner, M., Hajek, A., van der Leeden, C., Angermeyer, M. C., Scherer, M., et al. (2020) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-190770 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
The temporal association between incident late‐life depression and incident dementia
Heser, K., Fink, A., Reinke, C., Wagner, M., & Doblhammer, G. (2020) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.13220 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Acosta‐Baena, N., Gómez, C. M. L., Elorza, M. C. J., Velilla-Jiménez, L. M., Villegas‐Lanau, C. A., Falla, D. S., Arcos‐Burgos, M., & Lopera, F. J. (2023) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-221294 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Dysphoria is a risk factor for depression in medically ill older people
Mukaetova‐Ladinska, E. B., Steel, M. D., Coppock, M., Cosker, G., James, P., Scully, A., & McNally, R. (2016) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.4432 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Research status and global trends of late-life depression from 2004 to 2023: bibliometric analysis
Du, R., Yang, K.-B., Li, W., Wang, Z., & Cai, H. (2024) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2024.1393110 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Du, M., Liu, M., & Liu, J. (2024) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.019 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Iribarne, C., Renner, V., Pérez, C., & David Ladrón de Guevara, H. (2020) · Revista Médica Clínica Las Condes · doi:10.1016/j.rmclc.2020.02.001 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Levy‐Gigi, E., & Kéri, S. (2015) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/a0039181 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Drug Use before and after Initiating Treatment with Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
Efjestad, A. S., Ihle‐Hansen, H., Hjellvik, V., Engedal, K., & Blix, H. S. (2019) · Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra · doi:10.1159/000497307 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Yang, Y., & Hou, D. L. (2024) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104158 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Wang, X., Ye, T., Initiative, A. D. N., Zhou, W., & Zhang, J. (2025) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.70548 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Zhong, X., Wu, Z., Ouyang, C., Liang, W., Chen, B., Qi, P., Mai, N., Wu, Y., Chen, X., Zhang, M., et al. (2019) · International Psychogeriatrics · doi:10.1017/s1041610218002041 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Depressive Disorders, Cognitive and Physical Function of Older People in Early Dementia Detection
Pietrzak, B., Kujawa, J. E., & Lipert, A. (2023) · Life · doi:10.3390/life13102010 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Subjective Memory Complaints in Older Adults: The Role of Polypharmacy and Anticholinergic Burden
Veizi, B. G. Y., Oğuz, E. O., & Naharcı, M. İ. (2025) · Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology · doi:10.1177/08919887251339837 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
van der Willik, K. D., Yilmaz, P., Compter, A., Hauptmann, M., Jóźwiak, K., Ruiter, R., Stricker, B. H. C., Vernooij, M. W., Ikram, M. A., de Ruiter, M. B., et al. (2020) · NeuroImage Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102466 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationvan der Willik, K. D., Jóźwiak, K., Hauptmann, M., van de Velde, E. E. D., Compter, A., Ruiter, R., Stricker, B. H. C., Ikram, M. A., & Schagen, S. B. (2021) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.5734 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationNeuromodulation and cognition in late-life depression
Mirjalili, M., Blumberger, D. M., Brunoni, A. R., Mulsant, B. H., & Rajji, T. K. (2026) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-026-02323-3 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Chen, F., Wang, Y., Kong, C., Huang, J. H., Ye, S., Song, L., Xia, H., & Qiu, P. (2025) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2025.120444 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Lavie, I., Beeri, M. S., Berman, Y., Schwartz, Y., Soleimani, L., Heymann, A. D., & Ravona‐Springer, R. (2021) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.5583 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Du, M., Liu, M., & Liu, J. (2023) · Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · doi:10.1111/pcn.13620 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Relación entre la depresión y la demencia.
Ortega, M. D. P. S., Charry, M. F. C., & Mejía-Arango, S. (2022) · Revista Ecuatoriana de Neurologia · doi:10.46997/revecuatneurol31100096 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Ofori, M. A., Langat, A. K., Bouzir, Y., & Ishag, M. A. S. (2023) · Universal Journal of Public Health · doi:10.13189/ujph.2023.110102 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Emerging determinants of dementia
de Bruijn, R. (2015) · RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Zhang, H., Chen, J., Ye, Y., Wang, H., Fan, S., Zhang, W., Bao, A., Li, H., & Wang, J. (2026) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2025.1733007 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Zhang, L., Song, Z., Fang, S., Zhang, J., Zeng, Y., Xie, J., Zhao, W., Zhang, D., & Li, S. (2026) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2026.04.026 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Benzodiazepinas e risco de demência: qual a evidência?
USF Pró-Saúde, A. C. I. –. G., Domingues, S., Gomes, V. R. P., & USF Santo António, A. C. I. –. B. (2018) · Revista Portuguesa de Clínica Geral · doi:10.32385/rpmgf.v34i3.12447 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Psychosocial Factors and Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults
Soh, Y. (2020) · Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Hategan, A., Bourgeois, J. A., Cheng, T. Z., & Young, J. A. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-77128-1_9
Wang, R., Jinghao, D. U. A. N., Zheng, Q., & Chen, X. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-754336/v1
Du, M., Tao, L., Liu, M., & Liu, J. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26664559
Norton, J. L., Jaussent, I., Edouard, E., Boubert, L., Mura, T., & Akbaraly, T. N. (2026) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2025.121125
Ren, Z., Zhang, R., Guo, S., Zhao, Y., Liu, J., & Zheng, X. (2026) · The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.1016/j.tjpad.2026.100577
Chen, S., Wang, F., Jiao, Y., Niu, Y., Ma, K., He, S., Wang, S., Li, R., Liu, S., Zhao, Y., et al. (2026) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.71761
- Authors
- Mirza, S. S., de Bruijn, R. F. A. G., Direk, N., Hofman, A., Koudstaal, P. J., Ikram, M. A., & Tiemeier, H.
- Affiliations
- Erasmus MC (NL)
- Department of Epidemiology Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam The Netherlands
- Corresponding author
- Tiemeier, Henning
- Venue
- Alzheimer's & Dementia
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-02-14
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 5S
- Pages
- S323-S329.e1
- ISSN
- 1552-5260 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-5279
- OpenAlex
- W2016262898
- Cited by
- 73
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 3.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Alzheimer s & Dementia (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
- RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Erasmus Medical Centre and Erasmus University Rotterdam
- Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research
- Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development
- Research Institute for Diseases in the Elderly
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative; the Ministry of Education, Culture
- Ministry of Health, Welfare, and Sports
- European Commission (DG XII)
- Municipality of Rotterdam
- VIDI grant of ZonMw (2009-017.106.370)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Aging, Health, and Disability
- Keywords
- depressive symptoms, dementia
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Dementia, Depression, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Proportional Hazards Models
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
