Partner accommodation in posttraumatic stress disorder: Initial testing of the Significant Others’ Responses to Trauma Scale (SORTS)
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Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with myriad relationship problems and psychological distress in partners of individuals with PTSD. This study sought to develop a self-report measure of partner accommodation to PTSD (i.e., ways in which partners alter their behavior in response to patient PTSD symptoms), the Significant Others' Responses to Trauma Scale (SORTS), and to investigate its reliability and construct validity in 46 treatment-seeking couples. The SORTS demonstrated strong internal consistency and associations with individual and relationship distress. Accommodation was positively correlated with partners' ratings of patients' PTSD symptoms, patient self-reported depressive and trait anger severity, and partner self-reported depressive and state anger severity. Accommodation was negatively correlated with patient and partner relationship satisfaction and partners' perceived social support received from patients. Findings suggest that accommodation may be an attempt to adapt to living with a partner with PTSD but may have negative implications for patient and partner well-being.
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Engaging in accommodation behaviours is time-consuming and frustrating for the partner or family.
“Based on partneror family-report, there is evidence that engaging in accommodation behaviours is time-consuming and frustrating for the partner or family.”
From Partner symptom accommodation in generalized anxiety disorder: A preliminary examination of correlates with symptoms and cognitive behavioural therapy outcome (2024) · cites this paper as Fredman et al., 2014
The Methods (2.2 Measures; page unavailable) say partners reported how often they accommodated and how distressing or effortful it was; the Results (3; page unavailable) describe distress associated with specific behaviours. This supports the claim that accommodation can be frustrating for partners, but the paper does not establish that it is time-consuming: frequency and effort are not measures of time spent. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPartners provide SA to maintain stability in the relationship (e.g. avoid conflict) and to show affection.
“For instance, partners provide SA to maintain stability in the relationship (e.g. avoid conflict) and to show affection (Boeding et al ., 2013; Fredman et al ., 2014).”
From Partner symptom accommodation in generalized anxiety disorder: A preliminary examination of correlates with symptoms and cognitive behavioural therapy outcome (2024) · cites this paper as Fredman et al., 2014
The Discussion (page unavailable) suggests that some partners may accommodate to maintain stability, while others may do so to be helpful and supportive. It also describes partners avoiding actions that might anger or upset the patient. These are proposed motivations, not established findings, and the paper does not specifically say partners accommodate to show affection. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredGreater partner symptom accommodation is associated with lower partner-reported relationship satisfaction in PTSD.
“greater partner SA is associated with lower partner-reported relationship satisfaction in PTSD (Fredman et al ., 2014)”
From Partner symptom accommodation in generalized anxiety disorder: A preliminary examination of correlates with symptoms and cognitive behavioural therapy outcome (2024) · cites this paper as Fredman et al., 2014
In studies of partner SA in adult OCD and PTSD, greater partner-reported SA was associated with lower partner-rated relationship satisfaction.
“In studies of partner SA in adult OCD and PTSD greater partner-reported SA was associated with lower partner-rated relationship satisfaction (Boeding et al ., 2013; Fredman et al ., 2014).”
From Partner symptom accommodation in generalized anxiety disorder: A preliminary examination of correlates with symptoms and cognitive behavioural therapy outcome (2024) · cites this paper as Fredman et al., 2014
The growing evidence that SA is relevant across psychological disorders suggests that SA may be a transdiagnostic process.
“The growing evidence that SA is relevant across psychological disorders suggests that it may be a transdiagnostic process.”
From Partner symptom accommodation in generalized anxiety disorder: A preliminary examination of correlates with symptoms and cognitive behavioural therapy outcome (2024) · cites this paper as Fredman et al., 2014
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Fredman, S. J., Vorstenbosch, V., Wagner, A. C., Macdonald, A., & Monson, C. M.
- Affiliations
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Toronto Metropolitan University (CA)
- Boston University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Fredman, Steffany J.
- Venue
- Journal of Anxiety Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-05
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 372-381
- ISSN
- 0887-6185 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4339021
- OpenAlex
- W2081835053
- Cited by
- 109
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 5
- FWCI
- 10.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Anxiety Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R34MH076813)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Keywords
- post-traumatic stress disorder, couples, relationship distress, depressive symptoms, anger, relationship satisfaction, social support, scale development, construct validity, reliability statistics
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Anger, Depression, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Middle Aged, Personal Satisfaction, Severity of Illness Index, Sexual Partners, Social Support, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Stress, Psychological, Reproducibility of Results, Self Report
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