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Cited by 671Fatty Acid Research and HealthInflammatory mediators and NSAID effectsEicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology

Arachidonic acid: Physiological roles and potential health benefits – A review

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Tallima, Hatem, El Ridi, Rashika·2018·Journal of Advanced Research
DOI 10.1016/j.jare.2017.11.004PMC PMC6052655
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Abstract

It is time to shift the arachidonic acid (ARA) paradigm from a harm-generating molecule to its status of polyunsaturated fatty acid essential for normal health. ARA is an integral constituent of biological cell membrane, conferring it with fluidity and flexibility, so necessary for the function of all cells, especially in nervous system, skeletal muscle, and immune system. Arachidonic acid is obtained from food or by desaturation and chain elongation of the plant-rich essential fatty acid, linoleic acid. Free ARA modulates the function of ion channels, several receptors and enzymes, via activation as well as inhibition. That explains its fundamental role in the proper function of the brain and muscles and its protective potential against Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium infection and tumor initiation, development, and metastasis. Arachidonic acid in cell membranes undergoes reacylation/deacylation cycles, which keep the concentration of free ARA in cells at a very low level and limit ARA availability to oxidation. Metabolites derived from ARA oxidation do not initiate but contribute to inflammation and most importantly lead to the generation of mediators responsible for resolving inflammation and wound healing. Endocannabinoids are oxidation-independent ARA derivatives, critically important for brain reward signaling, motivational processes, emotion, stress responses, pain, and energy balance. Free ARA and metabolites promote and modulate type 2 immune responses, which are critically important in resistance to parasites and allergens insult, directly via action on eosinophils, basophils, and mast cells and indirectly by binding to specific receptors on innate lymphoid cells. In conclusion, the present review advocates the innumerable ARA roles and considerable importance for normal health.

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  • AA is a precursor for pro-inflammatory eicosanoids, whereas EPA is a precursor for anti-inflammatory signaling molecules.

    “AA, an omega-6 (n-6) PUFA, is a well-known precursor for pro-inflammatory eicosanoids [45], whereas EPA, an omega-3 (n-3) PUFA is a precursor for anti-inflammatory signaling molecules [46].”

    From Lipoprotein Lipase Regulates Microglial Lipid Droplet Accumulation (2021) · cites this paper as [45]

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Tallima, H., & El Ridi, R.
Affiliations
Cairo University (EG)
ORCID
Tallima, Hatem
Venue
Journal of Advanced Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2018-05
Volume
11
Pages
33-41
ISSN
  • 2090-1224 (ISSN-L)
  • 2090-1232
DOI
10.1016/j.jare.2017.11.004
PMC
PMC6052655
OpenAlex
W2771022510
Cited by
671
References
1
Citations by year
2026: 62 · 2025: 91 · 2024: 117 · 2023: 89 · 2022: 96 · 2021: 113 · 2020: 58 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 9
FWCI
2.90
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Advanced Research (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Inflammatory mediators and NSAID effects
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology
Keywords
arachidonic acid, polyunsaturated fatty acids, cell membrane fluidity, linoleic acid desaturation, ion channel modulation, schistosomiasis mansoni, Schistosoma haematobium, arachidonic acid oxidation, inflammation resolution, wound healing, endocannabinoids, Th2 immune response, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, innate lymphoid cells, health benefits

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