The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The origins of lithic projectile point technology: evidence from Africa, the Levant, and Europe
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Projectile weapons were in use in the Levant starting at least from the early Upper Paleolithic.
“Projectile weapons were in use in the Levant starting at least from the early Upper Paleolithic (Bergman, and Newcomer, 1983;Shea, 2006).”
From Design and performance of microlith implemented projectiles during the Middle and the Late Epipaleolithic of the Levant: experimental and archaeological evidence (2010) · cites this paper as Shea, 2006
Citations
Cites
Lower Palaeolithic hunting spears from Germany
Thieme, H. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/385807a0 · Cited by 834
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 87
- Bachechi, 1997, An arrow-caused lesion in a Late Upper Palaeolithic human pelvis, Current Anthropology, 38, 135, 10.1086/204594 · DOI
- Bar-Yosef, 2002, The Upper Paleolithic revolution, Annual Review of Anthropology, 31, 363, 10.1146/annurev.anthro.31.040402.085416 · DOI
- Bar-Yosef, 1992, The Excavations in Kebara Cave Mt. Carmel, Current Anthropology, 33, 497, 10.1086/204112 · DOI
- Berger, 1995, Patterns of trauma among the Neandertals, Journal of Archaeological Science, 22, 841, 10.1016/0305-4403(95)90013-6 · DOI
- Bergman, 1983, Flint arrowhead breakage: examples from Ksar Akil, Lebanon, Journal of Field Archaeology, 10, 238
- Bergman, 1989, Fifty years after: Egbert, an Early Upper Paleolithic juvenile from Ksar Akil, Lebanon, Paléorient, 15, 99, 10.3406/paleo.1989.4512 · DOI
- Bingham, 1999, Human uniqueness: a general theory, Quarterly Review of Biology, 74, 133, 10.1086/393069 · DOI
- Bingham, 2000, Human evolution and human history: a complete theory, Evolutionary Anthropology, 9, 248, 10.1002/1520-6505(2000)9:6<248::AID-EVAN1003>3.0.CO;2-X · DOI
- Bisson, 2000, Nineteenth century tools for twenty-first century archaeology? Why the Middle Paleolithic typology of François Bordes must be replaced, Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, 7, 1, 10.1023/A:1009578011590 · DOI
- Bocquentin, 2004, Early Natufian remains: evidence for physical conflict from Mt. Carmel, Israel, Journal of Human Evolution, 47, 19, 10.1016/j.jhevol.2004.05.003 · DOI
- Boëda, 1999, A Levallois point embedded in the vertebra of a wild ass (Equus africanus): hafting, projectiles and Mousterian hunting weapons, Antiquity, 73, 394, 10.1017/S0003598X00088335 · DOI
- Bohmers, 1951, Die Höhlen von Mauern, Palaeohistoria, 1, 1
- Bordes, 1961, Typologie du Paléolithique Ancien et Moyen, Delmas, Bordeaux
- Breuil, 1951, Le Paléolithique du Harrar, L'Anthropologie, 55
- Cheddadi, 1995, Eastern Mediterranean quaternary paleoclimates from pollen isotope records of marine cores in the Nile cone area, Paleoceanography, 10, 291, 10.1029/94PA02672 · DOI
- Christenson, 1986, Projectile point size and projectile aerodynamics: an exploratory study, Plains Anthropologist, 31, 109, 10.1080/2052546.1986.11909324 · DOI
- Clark, 1975, Interpretations of prehistoric technology from ancient Egyptian and other sources, Part 2: Prehistoric arrow forms in Africa as shown by surviving examples of the traditional arrows of the San Bushmen, Paléorient, 3, 127, 10.3406/paleo.1975.4193 · DOI · Paper page
- Clark, 1988, The Middle Stone Age of East Africa and the beginnings of regional identity, Journal of World Prehistory, 2, 235, 10.1007/BF00975618 · DOI
- Clark, 1974, Interpretations of prehistoric technology from ancient Egyptian and other sources, Part 1: Ancient Egyptian bows and arrows and their relevance for African prehistory, Paléorient, 2, 323, 10.3406/paleo.1974.1057 · DOI
- Clark, 1984, A Middle Stone Age occurrence at Porc Epic Cave, Dire Dawa, Somalia, African Archaeological Review, 2, 37, 10.1007/BF01117225 · DOI
- Conard, 2003, Radiocarbon dating and the appearance of modern humans and timing of cultural innovations in Europe: new results and new challenges, Journal of Human Evolution, 44, 331, 10.1016/S0047-2484(02)00202-6 · DOI
- Copeland, 2000, Forty-six Emireh points from the Lebanon in the context of the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition in the Levant, Paleorient, 26, 73, 10.3406/paleo.2000.4700 · DOI
- Corliss, 1972, Arrowpoint or dart point: an uninteresting answer to a tiresome question, American Antiquity, 45, 351, 10.2307/279299 · DOI
- Crew, 1976, The Mousterian site of Rosh Ein Mor, vol. 1, 75
- de Sonneville-Bordes, 1955, Lexique typologique du Paléolithique supérior, Bullétin de la Société Préhistorique Française, 52, 327
- de Sonneville-Bordes, 1956, Lexique typologique du Paléolithique supérior, Bullétin de la Société Préhistorique Française, 53, 408, 10.3406/bspf.1956.3357 · DOI
- Fenega, 1953, The weights of chipped stone points: a clue to their function, Southwestern Journal of Anthropology, 9, 309, 10.1086/soutjanth.9.3.3628702 · DOI
- Fischer, 1984, Macro and microwear traces on lithic projectile points: experimental results and prehistoric examples, Journal of Danish Archaeology, 3, 19, 10.1080/0108464X.1984.10589910 · DOI · Paper page
- Geist, 1981, Neanderthal the hunter, Natural History, 90, 26
- Haase-Schramm, 2004, U-Th dating of Lake Lisan (late Pleistocene dead sea) aragonite and implications for glacial east Mediterranean climate, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 68, 985, 10.1016/j.gca.2003.07.016 · DOI
- Hardy, 1999, Stone tool function at Starosele: combining residue and use-wear analysis, vol. 2, 197
- Hardy, 1997, Recovery of mammalian DNA from Middle Paleolithic stone tools, Journal of Archaeological Science, 24, 601, 10.1006/jasc.1996.0144 · DOI
- Hardy, 2001, Stone tool function at the paleolithic sites of Starosele and Buran Kaya III, Crimea: behavioral implications, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 98, 10972, 10.1073/pnas.191384498 · DOI
- Henshilwood, 1997, Bone artefacts from the Middle Stone Age at Blombos Cave, Southern Cape, South Africa, Current Anthropology, 38, 890, 10.1086/204678 · DOI
- Henshilwood, 2003, The origin of modern human behavior, Current Anthropology, 44, 627, 10.1086/377665 · DOI · Paper page
- Henshilwood, 2001, Blombos Cave, Southern Cape, South Africa: preliminary report on the 1992–1999 excavations of Middle Stone Age levels, Journal of Archaeological Science, 28, 421, 10.1006/jasc.2000.0638 · DOI
- Holdaway, 1989, Were there hafted projectile points in the Mousterian?, Journal of Field Archaeology, 16, 79, 10.1179/jfa.1989.16.1.79 · DOI
- Holdaway, 1990, Mousterian projectile points: a reply to Shea, Journal of Field Archaeology, 17, 114, 10.1179/009346990791548475 · DOI
- Hopkinson, 2004, Leaf points, landscapes, and environmental change in the European Late Middle Paleolithic, vol. 2, 227
- Hughes, 1998, Getting to the point: evolutionary change in prehistoric weaponry, Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, 5, 345, 10.1007/BF02428421 · DOI
- Kaufman, 2002, Re-evaluating subsistence skills of Levantine Middle and Upper Palaeolithic hunters: a comparison of the faunal assemblages, Oxford Journal of Archaeology, 21, 217, 10.1111/1468-0092.00159 · DOI
- Klein, 1979, Stone age exploitation of animals in Southern Africa, American Scientist, 67, 151
- Klein, 2004, The Ysterfontein 1 Middle Stone Age site, South Africa, and early human exploitation of coastal resources, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 101, 5708, 10.1073/pnas.0400528101 · DOI · Paper page
- Knecht, 1994, Late Ice Age hunting technology, Scientific American, 271, 82, 10.1038/scientificamerican0794-82 · DOI
- Lepingwell, 1987, The laws of combat?, International Security, 12, 89, 10.2307/2538918 · DOI
- Levi Sala, 1986, Use wear and post-depositional surface modification: a word of caution, Journal of Archaeological Science, 13, 229, 10.1016/0305-4403(86)90061-0 · DOI
- Lombard, 2004, Distribution patterns of organic residues on Middle Stone Age points from Sibudu Cave, Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa, South African Archaeological Bulletin, 59, 37, 10.2307/3889241 · DOI
- Lombard, 2005, Evidence of hunting and hafting during the Middle Stone Age at Sibudu Cave, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: a multianalytical approach, Journal of Human Evolution, 48, 279, 10.1016/j.jhevol.2004.11.006 · DOI
- Lombard, 2004, Middle Stone Age lithic point experimentation for macro-fracture and residue analyses: the process and preliminary results with reference to Sibudu Cave points, South African Journal of Science, 100, 159
- Marean, 1999, Zooarchaeological evidence for the faunal exploitation behavior of Neandertals and early modern humans, Evolutionary Anthropology, 8, 22, 10.1002/(SICI)1520-6505(1999)8:1<22::AID-EVAN7>3.0.CO;2-F · DOI
- McBrearty, 2000, The revolution that wasn't: a new interpretation of the origin of modern human behavior, Journal of Human Evolution, 39, 453, 10.1006/jhev.2000.0435 · DOI · Paper page
- Milner, 2005, Nineteenth century arrow wounds and perceptions of prehistoric warfare, American Antiquity, 70, 144, 10.2307/40035273 · DOI
- Milo, 1998, Evidence for hominid predation at Klasies River Mouth, South Africa, and its implications for the behaviour of early modern humans, Journal of Archaeological Science, 25, 99, 10.1006/jasc.1997.0233 · DOI
- O'Brien, 1981, The projectile capabilities of an Acheulian Handaxe from Olorgesailie, Current Anthropology, 22, 76, 10.1086/202607 · DOI
- Oakley, 1977, A re-appraisal of the Clacton spearpoint, Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society, 43, 13, 10.1017/S0079497X00010343 · DOI
- Odell, 1988, Addressing prehistoric hunting practices through stone tool analysis, American Anthropologist, 90, 335, 10.1525/aa.1988.90.2.02a00060 · DOI
- Odell, 1986, Experiments with spears and arrows on animal targets, Journal of Field Archaeology, 13, 194, 10.1179/009346986791535780 · DOI · Paper page
- Patou-Mathis, 2000, Neanderthal subsistence behaviors in Europe, International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, 10, 379, 10.1002/1099-1212(200009/10)10:5<379::AID-OA558>3.0.CO;2-4 · DOI
- Patterson, 1985, Distinguishing between arrow and spear points on the Upper Texas coast, Lithic Technology, 14, 81, 10.1080/01977261.1985.11754507 · DOI
- Pettitt, 1997, High resolution Neandertals? Interpreting Middle Palaeolithic intrasite spatial structure, World Archaeology, 29, 208, 10.1080/00438243.1997.9980374 · DOI
- Pleurdeau, 2003, Le Middle Stone Age de la grotte du Porc-Épic (Dire-Dawa, Éthiopie)gestion des matières premières et comportements techniques, L'Anthropologie, 107, 15, 10.1016/S0003-5521(02)00003-1 · DOI
- Plisson, 1998, Pointes ou outils triangulaires? Données fonctionnelles dans le Moustérien levantin, Paléorient, 24, 5, 10.3406/paleo.1998.4666 · DOI
- Rink, 2003, Age of the Middle Palaeolithic site of Rosh Ein Mor, Central Negev, Israel: implications for the age range of the Early Levantine Mousterian of the Levantine Corridor, Journal of Archaeological Science, 30, 195, 10.1006/jasc.2002.0831 · DOI
- Schick, 1994, Early Stone Age technology in Africa: a review and case study into the nature and function of spheroids and subspheroids, 429
- Shea, 1988, Spear points from the Middle Paleolithic of the Levant, Journal of Field Archaeology, 15, 441, 10.1179/jfa.1988.15.4.441 · DOI
- Shea, 1990, A further note on Mousterian spear points, Journal of Field Archaeology, 17, 111, 10.1179/009346990791548529 · DOI
- Shea, 1998, Comment on Plisson et S. Beyries “Pointes ou outils triangulaires? Données fonctionelles dans le Moustérien levantin”, Paléorient, 24, 17
- Shea, 2003, The Middle Paleolithic of the East Mediterranean Levant, Journal of World Prehistory, 17, 313, 10.1023/B:JOWO.0000020194.01496.fe · DOI
- Shea, 2003, Neandertals, competition, and the origin of modern human behavior in the Levant, Evolutionary Anthropology, 12, 173, 10.1002/evan.10101 · DOI
- Shea, 2005, Who were the Skhul/Qafzeh people? An archaeological perspective on Eurasia's earliest Modern, Journal of the Israel Prehistoric Society, 35, 449, 10.61247/s560671 · DOI
- Shea, 2001, Experimental tests of Middle Paleolithic spear points using a calibrated crossbow, Journal of Archaeological Science, 28, 807, 10.1006/jasc.2000.0590 · DOI
- Shott, 1997, Stones and shafts redux: the metric discrimination of chipped-stone dart and arrow points, American Antiquity, 62, 86, 10.2307/282380 · DOI
- Siiriäinen, 1977, A later Stone Age arrowhead from Kenya, Acta Archaeologica, 48, 207
- Solecki, 1992, More on hafted projectile points in the Mousterian, Journal of Field Archaeology, 19, 207, 10.1179/009346992791548905 · DOI
- Solecki, 1986, A reapraisel of Rust's cultural stratigraphy of Yabroud Shelter I, Paléorient, 12, 53, 10.3406/paleo.1986.4398 · DOI
- Stiner, 2000, The tortoise and the hare: small game use, the broad spectrum revolution, and Paleolithic demography, Current Anthropology, 41, 39, 10.1086/300102 · DOI
- Stiner, 1999, Paleolithic population growth pulses evidenced by small animal exploitation, Science, 283, 190, 10.1126/science.283.5399.190 · DOI
- Thomas, 1978, Arrowheads and atlatl darts: how the stones got the shaft, American Antiquity, 43, 461, 10.2307/279405 · DOI
- Tixier, 1960, Les pièces pédonculées de l'Atérien, Libyca, 6/7, 127
- Tixier, 1970, L'abri sous roche de Kasr Aqil, Bulletin du Musée de Beyrouth Beirut Musée National Libanais, 23, 171
- Tucker, 1980, Quantitative affirmation of intuitive typology, Tebiwa, 22
- van Andel, 2002, The climate and landscape of the middle part of the Weichselian Glaciation in Europe: The Stage 3 Project, Quaternary Research, 57, 2, 10.1006/qres.2001.2294 · DOI
- Villa, 2005, A late Middle Stone Age artifact assemblage from Sibudu (KwaZulu-Natal). Comparisons with the European Middle Paleolithic, Journal of Archaeological Science, 32, 399, 10.1016/j.jas.2004.11.007 · DOI
- Whittaker, 2001, Handaxe-hurling Hominids: an unlikely story, Current Anthropology, 42, 566, 10.1086/322547 · DOI
- Wrangham, 1999, Evolution of coalitionary killing, Yearbook of Physical Anthropology, 42, 1, 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(1999)110:29+<1::AID-AJPA2>3.0.CO;2-E · DOI
- Wurz, 2002, Variability in the Middle Stone Age lithic sequence, 115,000–60,000 years ago at Klasies River, South Africa, Journal of Archaeological Science, 29, 1001, 10.1006/jasc.2001.0799 · DOI
- Yellen, 1995, A Middle Stone Age worked bone industry from Katanda, Upper Semliki Valley, Zaire, Science, 268, 553, 10.1126/science.7725100 · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Fifty millennia of catastrophic extinctions after human contact
BURNEY, D., & FLANNERY, T. (2005) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.tree.2005.04.022 · Cited by 379
Craniofacial feminization, social tolerance, and the origins of behavioral modernity
Cieri, R. L., Churchill, S. E., Franciscus, R. G., Tan, J., & Hare, B. (2014) · Current Anthropology · doi:10.1086/677209 · Cited by 195
Yaroshevich, A., Kaufman, D., Nuzhnyy, D., Bar-Yosef, O., & Weinstein-Evron, M. (2010) · Journal of Archaeological Science · doi:10.1016/j.jas.2009.09.050 · Cited by 164
An evolutionary anthropological perspective on modern human origins.
Marean, C. W. (2015) · Annual Review of Anthropology · doi:10.1146/annurev-anthro-102313-025954 · Cited by 135
Zoon politikon: The evolutionary origins of human socio-political systems
Gintis, H., van Schaik, C., & Boehm, C. (2019) · Behavioural Processes · doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2018.01.007 · Cited by 53
Crossroads of the Old World: Late Hominin Evolution in Western Asia
Franciscus, R. G., & Holliday, T. W. (2013) · The Origins of Modern Humans · doi:10.1002/9781118659991.ch2 · Cited by 10
Metadata
- Authors
- Shea, J. J.
- Venue
- Journal of Archaeological Science
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2006-06
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 823-846
- ISSN
- 0305-4403
- Cited by
- 363
- References
- 1
- Language
- en
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review