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Cited by 293Traumatic Brain Injury ResearchAutomotive and Human Injury BiomechanicsSports injuries and prevention

Biomechanical correlates of symptomatic and asymptomatic neurophysiological impairment in high school football

Breedlove, Evan L., Robinson, Meghan, Talavage, Thomas M., Morigaki, Katherine E., Yoruk, Umit, O'Keefe, Kyle, King, Jeff, Leverenz, Larry J. +2 more·2012·Journal of Biomechanics
DOI 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.01.034
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Abstract

Concussion is a growing public health issue in the United States, and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is the chief long-term concern linked to repeated concussions. Recently, attention has shifted toward subconcussive blows and the role they may play in the development of CTE. We recruited a cohort of high school football players for two seasons of observation. Acceleration sensors were placed in the helmets, and all contact activity was monitored. Pre-season computer-based neuropsychological tests and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) tests were also obtained in order to assess cognitive and neurophysiological health. In-season follow-up scans were then obtained both from individuals who had sustained a clinically-diagnosed concussion and those who had not. These changes were then related through stepwise regression to history of blows recorded throughout the football season up to the date of the scan. In addition to those subjects who had sustained a concussion, a substantial portion of our cohort who did not sustain concussions showed significant neurophysiological changes. Stepwise regression indicated significant relationships between the number of blows sustained by a subject and the ensuing neurophysiological change. Our findings reinforce the hypothesis that the effects of repetitive blows to the head are cumulative and that repeated exposure to subconcussive blows is connected to pathologically altered neurophysiology.

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  • Clinical and functional impairments in cognition have been correlated with the frequency of impacts to the head in high school and collegiate football players wearing helmet-mounted accelerometers, although not all helmet sensor studies have supported this relationship.

    “Clinical and functional impairments in cognition have also been correlated with the frequency of impacts to the head in high school and collegiate football players wearing helmet-mounted accelerometers [16, 121, 180], although not all helmet sensor studies have supported this relationship [81].”

    From The neuropathology of sport (2014) · cites this paper as [16]

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Authors
Breedlove, E. L., Robinson, M., Talavage, T. M., Morigaki, K. E., Yoruk, U., O'Keefe, K., King, J., Leverenz, L. J., Gilger, J. W., & Nauman, E. A.
Affiliations
  • Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
  • University of California, Merced (US)
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Biomechanics
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2012-04
Volume
45
Issue
7
Pages
1265-1272
ISSN
0021-9290 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.01.034
OpenAlex
W2078450309
Cited by
293
References
41
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 40 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 5
FWCI
22.19
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Biomechanics (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Science Foundation
  • Indiana State Department of Health
  • National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Automotive and Human Injury Biomechanics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports injuries and prevention
Keywords
concussion, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, high school football, repetitive head impacts, cognitive impairment, functional MRI, neuropsychological assessment
MeSH terms
Acceleration, Adolescent, Biomechanical Phenomena, Brain Concussion, Football, Head Protective Devices, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Models, Neurological, Neuropsychological Tests, Telemetry, Cohort Studies, Brain Injury, Chronic

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