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Cited by 615

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 99 of the 99 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Foreign direct Investment–CO2 emissions nexus in Middle East and North African countries: Importance of biomass energy consumption

Open access
Shahbaz, Muhammad, Balsalobre-Lorente, Daniel, Sinha, Avik·2019·Journal of Cleaner Production

Abstract

Abstract This study examines the association between foreign direct investment (FDI) and carbon emissions for the Middle East and North African (MENA) region in 1990–2015, including biomass energy consumption as an additional determinant of carbon emissions. We apply the generalized method of moments (GMM) to validate the existence of the pollution haven hypothesis (PHH). The N-shaped association is also validated between FDI and carbon emissions. The link between economic growth and carbon emissions is inverted-U and N-shaped; that is, it satisfies the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypotheses. Biomass energy use lowers carbon emissions, and the causality analysis reveals that FDI causes CO2 emissions. Clearly, the results confirm the existence of a feedback effect between economic growth and carbon emissions. The connection between biomass energy use and CO2 emissions is also bidirectional. The empirical findings suggest policy makers to design comprehensive trade and energy policies by targeting the cleaner production practices, for not only to ensure environmental sustainability, but also to fulfil the objectives of sustainable development goals.

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Metadata

Authors
Shahbaz, M., Balsalobre-Lorente, D., & Sinha, A.
Venue
Journal of Cleaner Production
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2019-04
Volume
217
Pages
603-614
ISSN
0959-6526 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2913006305
Cited by
615
References
99
FWCI
103.80
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Foreign direct Investment–CO2 emissions nexus in Middle East and North African countries: Importance of biomass energy consumption. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.01.282
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Shahbaz, M., Balsalobre-Lorente, D., & Sinha, A. (2019). Foreign direct Investment–CO2 emissions nexus in Middle East and North African countries: Importance of biomass energy consumption. Journal of Cleaner Production. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.01.282

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Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.