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Bio-clickable, small extracellular vesicles-COCKTAIL therapy for ischemic stroke
Abstract
Delivering large therapeutic molecules via the blood-brain barrier to treat ischemic stroke remains challenging. NR2B9c is a potent neuroprotective peptide but it's safe and targeted delivery to the brain requires an efficient, natural, and non-immunogenic delivery technique. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have shown great potential as a non-immunogenic, natural cargo delivery system; however, tailoring of its inefficient brain targeting is desired. Here, we coupled rabies virus glycoprotein 29 with sEVs surface via bio-orthogonal click chemistry reactions, followed by loading of NR2B9c, ultimately generating stroke-specific therapeutic COCKTAIL (sEVs-COCKTAIL). Primary neurons and Neuro-2a cells were cultured for in vitro and transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model was used for in vivo studies to evaluate neuron targeting and anti-ischemic stroke potential of the sEVs-COCKTAIL. Bio-clickable sEVs were selectively taken up by neurons but not glial cells. In the in vitro ischemic stroke model of oxygen-glucose deprivation, the sEVs-COCKTAIL exhibited remarkable potential against reactive oxygen species and cellular apoptosis. In vivo studies further demonstrated the brain targeting and increased half-life of bio-clickable sEVs, delivering NR2B9c to the ischemic brain and reducing stroke injury. Treatment with the sEVs-COCKTAIL significantly increased behavioral recovery and reduced neuronal apoptosis after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. NR2B9c was de…
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Haroon et al. coupled rabies virus glycoprotein 29 with the small EVs surface to increase neuron targeting efficiency and treatment for brain injuries including traumatic brain injury and ischemic stroke.
“For example, Haroon et al. coupled rabies virus glycoprotein 29 with the small EVs surface to increase neuron targeting efficiency and treatment for brain injuries including traumatic brain injury and ischemic stroke [26, 34].”
From Engineered Extracellular Vesicles Loaded with MiR-100-5p Antagonist Selectively Target the Lesioned Region to Promote Recovery from Brain Damage (2025) · cites this paper as [26]
Peptides derived from RVG can be displayed on the surface of particles to enhance neuronal targeting.
“Previous studies have shown that peptides derived from RVG can be displayed on the surface of particles to enhance neuronal targeting [26].”
From Engineered Extracellular Vesicles Loaded with MiR-100-5p Antagonist Selectively Target the Lesioned Region to Promote Recovery from Brain Damage (2025) · cites this paper as [26]
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Sorted by citations
Cheng, Y., Gai, C., Zhao, Y., Li, T., Song, Y., Luo, Q., Xin, D., Jiang, Z., Chen, W., Liu, D., et al. (2025) · Neuroscience Bulletin · doi:10.1007/s12264-025-01376-6 · Cited by 5
Metadata
- Authors
- Haroon, K., Ruan, H., Zheng, H., Wu, S., Liu, Z., Shi, X., Tang, Y., Yang, G.-Y., & Zhang, Z.
- Venue
- Journal of Controlled Release
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2023-11
- Volume
- 363
- Pages
- 585-596
- ISSN
- 0168-3659
- Cited by
- 25
- References
- 5
- Language
- en
- Licence
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (82271320, 81974179, 82003658, 82071284)
- National Key Research and Development Program of China Stem Cell and Translational Research
- Shanghai Municipal Education Commission
- Shanghai Education Development Foundation
- National Key Research and Development Program of China (2019YFA0112000, 2022YFA1603604)
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