Exosome engineering: Current progress in cargo loading and targeted delivery

Fu, Shengyang; Wang, Yi; Xia, Xiaohuan; Zheng, Jialin C.

doi:10.1016/j.impact.2020.100261

Cited by 444Extracellular vesicles in diseaseNanoparticle-Based Drug DeliveryRNA Interference and Gene Delivery

Exosome engineering: Current progress in cargo loading and targeted delivery

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Fu, Shengyang, Wang, Yi, Xia, Xiaohuan, Zheng, Jialin C.·2020·NanoImpact

DOI 10.1016/j.impact.2020.100261

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Abstract

Exosomes, a class of small bilayer vesicles derived from virtually all eukaryotic cells, have been exploited as a promising natural delivery platform due to their low toxicity, excellent structural stability, nanoscale size, cargo loading ability, and editable surface structure. To load therapeutic or diagnostic cargos (drugs, nucleic acids, proteins, peptides, and nanomaterials) into exosomes, multiple techniques have been developed, such as incubating cargos with exosomes or exosome-secreting cells, transfection, physical treatments (sonication, electroporation, extrusion, freeze-thaw, surfactant treatment, and dialysis), and in situ synthesis. Moreover, homing-molecules with high receptor binding affinity, acidic milieu responsiveness, or magnetic properties have been assembled on exosomal surface by transfection or chemical modification, conferring the targeting capacity to exosomes. In this review, we summarize the biogenesis, contents and functions of natural exosomes, and provide a comprehensive discussion for the strategies of exosomal cargo loading and membrane modification for targeted delivery.

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Another standard method for direct engineering of EV surfaces includes chemical modification of ligands onto the EV surface.
“Another standard method for direct engineering of EV surfaces includes the chemical modification of ligands onto the EV surface [226].”
From Extracellular vesicles as nanotheranostic platforms for targeted neurological disorder interventions (2024) · cites this paper as [226]

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Curcumin-primed exosomes potently ameliorate cognitive function in AD mice by inhibiting hyperphosphorylation of the Tau protein through the AKT/GSK-3β pathway
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In Vitro and in Vivo RNA Inhibition by CD9-HuR Functionalized Exosomes Encapsulated with miRNA or CRISPR/dCas9
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<p>A Nanodrug Consisting Of Doxorubicin And Exosome Derived From Mesenchymal Stem Cells For Osteosarcoma Treatment In Vitro</p>
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Targeted exosome‐encapsulated erastin induced ferroptosis in triple negative breast cancer cells
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Cancer-derived exosomes loaded with ultrathin palladium nanosheets for targeted bioorthogonal catalysis
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Systemic delivery of microRNA-21 antisense oligonucleotides to the brain using T7-peptide decorated exosomes
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Adipocyte-derived exosomal miRNAs: a novel mechanism for obesity-related disease
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RVG-modified exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells rescue memory deficits by regulating inflammatory responses in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease
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Maximizing exosome colloidal stability following electroporation
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Extracellular vesicles in renal disease
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Gemcitabine loaded autologous exosomes for effective and safe chemotherapy of pancreatic cancer
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Engineering Exosomes for Cancer Therapy
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Quantitative PET imaging of tumor integrin alphavbeta3 expression with 18F-FRGD2.
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Exosomes Increase the Therapeutic Index of Doxorubicin in Breast and Ovarian Cancer Mouse Models
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Engineered Exosome-Mediated Near-Infrared-II Region V2C Quantum Dot Delivery for Nucleus-Target Low-Temperature Photothermal Therapy
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Aptamer-functionalized exosomes from bone marrow stromal cells target bone to promote bone regeneration
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Targeted exosome-mediated delivery of opioid receptor Mu siRNA for the treatment of morphine relapse
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Exosomal formulation enhances therapeutic response of celastrol against lung cancer
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Competitive Interactions of Cancer Cells and Normal Cells via Secretory MicroRNAs
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The Transport Mechanism of Extracellular Vesicles at the Blood-Brain Barrier
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Epigenetic regulation of connective tissue growth factor by MicroRNA-214 delivery in exosomes from mouse or human hepatic stellate cells
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Exosome as a Novel Shuttle for Delivery of Therapeutics across Biological Barriers
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Superparamagnetic nanoarchitectures for disease-specific biomarker detection
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Stimulus-responsive nanopreparations for tumor targeting
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A platform for actively loading cargo RNA to elucidate limiting steps in EV‐mediated delivery
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Macrophage-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Drug Delivery Systems for Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) Therapy
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Engineered Exosomes for Targeted Transfer of siRNA to HER2 Positive Breast Cancer Cells
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Mesenchymal stem cells as natural biofactories for exosomes carrying miR-124a in the treatment of gliomas
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Exosome: emerging biomarker in breast cancer
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Exosomes as a Drug Delivery System in Cancer Therapy: Potential and Challenges
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Therapeutics and as a Drug Delivery Platform
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Use of lung-specific exosomes for miRNA-126 delivery in non-small cell lung cancer
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Treatment of neurodegenerative disorders through the blood–brain barrier using nanocarriers
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A33 antibody-functionalized exosomes for targeted delivery of doxorubicin against colorectal cancer
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Chemically Edited Exosomes with Dual Ligand Purified by Microfluidic Device for Active Targeted Drug Delivery to Tumor Cells
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Nanotechnology applications for improved delivery of antiretroviral drugs to the brain.
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Extracellular vesicles: the next generation of biomarkers for liquid biopsy-based prostate cancer diagnosis
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Exosomes in inflammation and role as biomarkers
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Exosome-coated metal–organic framework nanoparticles: an efficient drug delivery platform
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Antigen-specific, antibody-coated, exosome-like nanovesicles deliver suppressor T-cell microRNA-150 to effector T cells to inhibit contact sensitivity
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Molecular Recognition-Based DNA Nanoassemblies on the Surfaces of Nanosized Exosomes
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Systemic Exosomal Delivery of shRNA Minicircles Prevents Parkinsonian Pathology
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Long noncoding RNAs and exosomal lncRNAs: classification, and mechanisms in breast cancer metastasis and drug resistance
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Exosomal miRNAs in central nervous system diseases: biomarkers, pathological mediators, protective factors and therapeutic agents
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Exosomes from Cardiomyocyte Progenitor Cells and Mesenchymal Stem Cells Stimulate Angiogenesis Via EMMPRIN
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miRNA-181a over-expression in mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes influenced inflammatory response after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury
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Post Isolation Modification of Exosomes for Nanomedicine Applications
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Targeted cancer therapy using engineered exosome as a natural drug delivery vehicle
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Designer Exosomes for Active Targeted Chemo‐Photothermal Synergistic Tumor Therapy
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Enhanced Loading of Functional miRNA Cargo via pH Gradient Modification of Extracellular Vesicles
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Exosomes Derived from miR-126-modified MSCs Promote Angiogenesis and Neurogenesis and Attenuate Apoptosis after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats
Huang, J., Xu, Y., Yin, X.-M., & Lin, F. (2019) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.10.043 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Exosomes as Drug Carriers for Cancer Therapy
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Exosome-mediated microRNA-497 delivery for anti-cancer therapy in a microfluidic 3D lung cancer model
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Exosomes derived from gastric cancer cells activate NF-κB pathway in macrophages to promote cancer progression
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Exosomes and Their Noncoding RNA Cargo Are Emerging as New Modulators for Diabetes Mellitus
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Efficient encapsulation of theranostic nanoparticles in cell-derived exosomes: leveraging the exosomal biogenesis pathway to obtain hollow gold nanoparticle-hybrids
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miR-1246 and miR-4644 in salivary exosome as potential biomarkers for pancreatobiliary tract cancer
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Magnetic and Folate Functionalization Enables Rapid Isolation and Enhanced Tumor-Targeting of Cell-Derived Microvesicles
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Passion fruit-like exosome-PMA/Au-BSA@Ce6 nanovehicles for real-time fluorescence imaging and enhanced targeted photodynamic therapy with deep penetration and superior retention behavior in tumor
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Combining magnetic nanoparticles with cell derived microvesicles for drug loading and targeting
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Tumor‐Exocytosed Exosome/Aggregation‐Induced Emission Luminogen Hybrid Nanovesicles Facilitate Efficient Tumor Penetration and Photodynamic Therapy
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Exosome-Based Delivery of miR-124 in a Huntington’s Disease Model
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Reduction of the therapeutic dose of silencing RNA by packaging it in extracellular vesicles via a pre-microRNA backbone
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Therapeutic use of curcumin‐encapsulated and curcumin‐primed exosomes
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Exosomes: A new delivery system for tumor antigens in cancer immunotherapy
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pH-sensitive Liposomes for Drug Delivery in Cancer Treatment
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Focused ultrasound-augmented targeting delivery of nanosonosensitizers from homogenous exosomes for enhanced sonodynamic cancer therapy
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Engineered extracellular vesicles with synthetic lipids via membrane fusion to establish efficient gene delivery
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Exosomes in Alzheimer's disease
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siRNA based drug design, quality, delivery and clinical translation
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Virus‐Mimetic Fusogenic Exosomes for Direct Delivery of Integral Membrane Proteins to Target Cell Membranes
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pH-responsive hyaluronate-anchored extracellular vesicles to promote tumor-targeted drug delivery
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Drug-loaded exosomal preparations from different cell types exhibit distinctive loading capability, yield, and antitumor efficacies: a comparative analysis
Kanchanapally, R., Deshmukh, S. K., Chavva, S. R., Tyagi, N., Srivastava, S. K., Patel, G. K., Singh, A. P., & Singh, S. (2019) · International Journal of Nanomedicine · doi:10.2147/ijn.s191313 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
SPION decorated exosome delivery of TNF-α to cancer cell membranes through magnetism
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Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-secreted exosomes carrying microRNA-125b protect against myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury via targeting SIRT7
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Exosomes Mediate Epithelium–Mesenchyme Crosstalk in Organ Development
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Exosomal DNA Aptamer Targeting α-Synuclein Aggregates Reduced Neuropathological Deficits in a Mouse Parkinson’s Disease Model
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Recombinant phosphatidylserine-binding nanobodies for targeting of extracellular vesicles to tumor cells: a plug-and-play approach
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Neonatal Subventricular Zone Neural Stem Cells Release Extracellular Vesicles that Act as a Microglial Morphogen
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A novel method for encapsulation of macromolecules in liposomes
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Liposome triggering of innate immune responses: A perspective on benefits and adverse reactions
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Glycan modification of glioblastoma‐derived extracellular vesicles enhances receptor‐mediated targeting of dendritic cells
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Exosome as a Vehicle for Delivery of Membrane Protein Therapeutics, PH20, for Enhanced Tumor Penetration and Antitumor Efficacy
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Functional extracellular vesicles engineered with lipid-grafted hyaluronic acid effectively reverse cancer drug resistance
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Stellate Plasmonic Exosomes for Penetrative Targeting Tumor NIR-II Thermo-Radiotherapy
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Gold nanoparticle based double-labeling of melanoma extracellular vesicles to determine the specificity of uptake by cells and preferential accumulation in small metastatic lung tumors
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Human mesenchymal stem cell-derived iron oxide exosomes allow targeted ablation of tumor cells via magnetic hyperthermia
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Mannose‐Modified Serum Exosomes for the Elevated Uptake to Murine Dendritic Cells and Lymphatic Accumulation
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Extracellular vesicles based self-grown gold nanopopcorn for combinatorial chemo-photothermal therapy
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Exosomes released from neural progenitor cells and induced neural progenitor cells regulate neurogenesis through miR-21a
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Synthetic and Biological Vesicular Nano-Carriers Designed for Gene Delivery
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Engineered Cell‐Derived Microparticles Bi2Se3/DOX@MPs for Imaging Guided Synergistic Photothermal/Low‐Dose Chemotherapy of Cancer
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Effects of exosome-mediated delivery of myostatin propeptide on functional recovery of mdx mice
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Magnetoliposomes as Multimodal Contrast Agents for Molecular Imaging and Cancer Nanotheragnostics
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High affinity single-chain variable fragments are specific and versatile targeting motifs for extracellular vesicles
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Aspirin-loaded nanoexosomes as cancer therapeutics
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Delivery of LNA-antimiR-142-3p by Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Exosomes to Breast Cancer Stem Cells Reduces Tumorigenicity
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Delivery of High Mobility Group Box-1 siRNA Using Brain-Targeting Exosomes for Ischemic Stroke Therapy
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Glutaminase 1 Regulates Neuroinflammation After Cerebral Ischemia Through Enhancing Microglial Activation and Pro-Inflammatory Exosome Release
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Nanoparticle‐Induced Exosomes Target Antigen‐Presenting Cells to Initiate Th1‐Type Immune Activation
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In vitro evaluation of endothelial exosomes as carriers for small interfering ribonucleic acid delivery
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Exosome is a mechanism of intercellular drug transfer: Application of quantitative pharmacology
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Glutaminase C Regulates Microglial Activation and Pro-inflammatory Exosome Release: Relevance to the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease
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Smart Drug Delivery Systems in Cancer Therapy
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SPION‐Decorated Exosome Delivered BAY55‐9837 Targeting the Pancreas through Magnetism to Improve the Blood GLC Response
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Enhancement of immunostimulatory properties of exosomal vaccines by incorporation of fusion-competent G protein of vesicular stomatitis virus
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Exosome as a Vehicle for Delivery of Membrane Protein Therapeutics, PH20, for Enhanced Tumor Penetration and Antitumor Efficacy
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Exosome-delivered syndecan-1 rescues acute lung injury via a FAK/p190RhoGAP/RhoA/ROCK/NF-κB signaling axis and glycocalyx enhancement
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Folate-Engineered Microvesicles for Enhanced Target and Synergistic Therapy toward Breast Cancer
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Extracellular Vesicles–Encapsulated MicroRNA-125b Produced in Genetically Modified Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Proliferation
Baldari, S., Rocco, G. D., Magenta, A., Picozza, M., & Toietta, G. (2019) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells8121560 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Extracellular vesicles-based drug delivery system for cancer treatment
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Functionalized extracellular vesicles as advanced therapeutic nanodelivery systems
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Exosome-Mediated Transfer of Anti-miR-33a-5p from Transduced Endothelial Cells Enhances Macrophage and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Cholesterol Efflux
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Induced neural progenitor cells abundantly secrete extracellular vesicles and promote the proliferation of neural progenitors via extracellular signal–regulated kinase pathways
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Chemical Modulation of Bioengineered Exosomes for Tissue‐Specific Biodistribution
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Efficient Delivery of Tyrosinase Related Protein‐2 (TRP2) Peptides to Lymph Nodes using Serum‐Derived Exosomes
Park, O., Choi, E. S., Yu, G., Kim, J. Y., Kang, Y. Y., Jung, H., & Mok, H. (2018) · Macromolecular Bioscience · doi:10.1002/mabi.201800301 · Cited by 48 · see citing works

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Exosomes: Large-scale production, isolation, drug loading efficiency, and biodistribution and uptake
Gebologlu, I. K., & Öncel, S. Ş. (2022) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.05.027 · Cited by 703 · see citing works
Exosomes─Nature’s Lipid Nanoparticles, a Rising Star in Drug Delivery and Diagnostics
Tenchov, R., Sasso, J. M., Wang, X., Liaw, W., Chen, C., & Zhou, Q. A. (2022) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/acsnano.2c08774 · Cited by 627 · see citing works
Exosome engineering in cell therapy and drug delivery
Sadeghi, S., Tehrani, F. R., Tahmasebi, S., Shafiee, A., & Hashemi, S. M. (2023) · Inflammopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s10787-022-01115-7 · Cited by 351 · see citing works
Exosomes, a New Star for Targeted Delivery
Chen, H., Wang, L., Zeng, X., Schwarz, H., Nanda, H. S., Peng, X., & Zhou, Y. (2021) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2021.751079 · Cited by 345 · see citing works
Therapeutic potential and mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as bioactive materials in tendon–bone healing
Zou, J., Yang, W., Cui, W., Li, C., Ma, C., Ji, X., Hong, J., Qu, Z., Chen, J., Liu, A., et al. (2023) · Journal of Nanobiotechnology · doi:10.1186/s12951-023-01778-6 · Cited by 318 · see citing works
Overview and Update on Extracellular Vesicles: Considerations on Exosomes and Their Application in Modern Medicine
Bella, M. A. D. (2022) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology11060804 · Cited by 316 · see citing works
Exploiting the biogenesis of extracellular vesicles for bioengineering and therapeutic cargo loading
Rädler, J., Gupta, D., Zickler, A. M., & Andaloussi, S. E. (2023) · Molecular Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.02.013 · Cited by 292 · see citing works
Biodistribution of Exosomes and Engineering Strategies for Targeted Delivery of Therapeutic Exosomes
Choi, H., Choi, Y., Yim, H. Y., Mirzaaghasi, A., Yoo, J., & Choi, C. (2021) · Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine · doi:10.1007/s13770-021-00361-0 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
Exosome-Based Drug Delivery: Translation from Bench to Clinic
Koh, H. B., Kim, H. J., Kang, S.-W., & Yoo, T.-H. (2023) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics15082042 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
Potential Use of Exosomes as Diagnostic Biomarkers and in Targeted Drug Delivery: Progress in Clinical and Preclinical Applications
Huda, M. N., Nafiujjaman, M., Deaguero, I. G., Okonkwo, J., Hill, M. L., Kim, T. H., & Nurunnabi, M. (2021) · ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00217 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Engineered Exosome for Drug Delivery: Recent Development and Clinical Applications
Tian, J., Han, Z., Song, D., Peng, Y., Xiong, M., Chen, Z., Duan, S., & Zhang, L. (2023) · International Journal of Nanomedicine · doi:10.2147/ijn.s444582 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Exosomes as Naturally Occurring Vehicles for Delivery of Biopharmaceuticals: Insights from Drug Delivery to Clinical Perspectives
Butreddy, A., Kommineni, N., & Dudhipala, N. R. (2021) · Nanomaterials · doi:10.3390/nano11061481 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Extracellular vesicles for tissue repair and regeneration: Evidence, challenges and opportunities
Nagelkerke, A., Ojansivu, M., van der Koog, L., Whittaker, T. E., Cunnane, E. M., da Silva, A. M., Dekker, N., & Stevens, M. M. (2021) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2021.04.013 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Bovine Milk-Derived Exosomes as a Drug Delivery Vehicle for miRNA-Based Therapy
del Pozo‐Acebo, L., Hazas, M. L. D. L., Tomé‐Carneiro, J., Gil-Cabrerizo, P., San-Cristóbal, R., Busto, R., García‐Ruiz, A., & Dávalos, A. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22031105 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Exosomes as natural nanocarrier-based drug delivery system: recent insights and future perspectives
Sen, S., Xavier, J., Kumar, N., Ahmad, M. Z., & Ranjan, O. P. (2023) · 3 Biotech · doi:10.1007/s13205-023-03521-2 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Plant-derived extracellular vesicles as oral drug delivery carriers
Fang, Z., & Liu, K. (2022) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.08.046 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Cell-Free Osteoarthritis Treatment with Sustained-Release of Chondrocyte-Targeting Exosomes from Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Rejuvenate Aging Chondrocytes
Cao, H., Chen, M., Cui, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Y., Deng, S., Yuan, T., Fan, Y., Wang, Q., & Zhang, X. (2023) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/acsnano.3c01612 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Cell-derived nanovesicle-mediated drug delivery to the brain: Principles and strategies for vesicle engineering
Liang, Y., Iqbal, Z., Lu, J., Wang, J., Zhang, H., Chen, X., Duan, L., & Xia, J. (2023) · Molecular Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.10.008 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Exosomes Engineering and Their Roles as Therapy Delivery Tools, Therapeutic Targets, and Biomarkers
Kučuk, N., Primožič, M., Knez, Ž., & Leitgeb, M. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22179543 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Optimised Electroporation for Loading of Extracellular Vesicles with Doxorubicin
Lennaárd, A. J., Mamand, D. R., Wiklander, R. J., Andaloussi, S. E., & Wiklander, O. P. B. (2021) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics14010038 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Methodologies to Isolate and Purify Clinical Grade Extracellular Vesicles for Medical Applications
Akbar, A., Malekian, F., Baghban, N., Kodam, S. P., & Ullah, M. (2022) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells11020186 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Clinical Translation of Extracellular Vesicles
Ghodasara, A. A., Raza, A., Wolfram, J., Salomón, C., & Popat, A. (2023) · Advanced Healthcare Materials · doi:10.1002/adhm.202301010 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Milk exosomes: Nature's abundant nanoplatform for theranostic applications
Adriano, B., Cotto, N. M., Chauhan, N., Jaggi, M., Chauhan, S. C., & Yallapu, M. M. (2021) · Bioactive Materials · doi:10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.01.009 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Recent progresses in exosome-based systems for targeted drug delivery to the brain
Bashyal, S., Chhitij, T., & Lee, S. K. (2022) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.06.011 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Protein corona and exosomes: new challenges and prospects
Heidarzadeh, M., Zarebkohan, A., Rahbarghazi‬, R., & Sokullu, E. (2023) · Cell Communication and Signaling · doi:10.1186/s12964-023-01089-1 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
AS1411 aptamer-functionalized exosomes in the targeted delivery of doxorubicin in fighting colorectal cancer
Hosseini, N. F., Amini, R., Ramezani, M., Saidijam, M., Hashemi, S. M., & Najafi, R. (2022) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113690 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Clinical delivery of circular RNA: Lessons learned from RNA drug development
Young, T. L., Wang, K. C., Varley, A., & Li, B. (2023) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2023.114826 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Exosome-powered neuropharmaceutics: unlocking the blood-brain barrier for next-gen therapies
Mehdizadeh, S., Mamaghani, M., Hassanikia, S., Pilehvar‐Soltanahmadi, Y., & Ertaş, Y. N. (2025) · Journal of Nanobiotechnology · doi:10.1186/s12951-025-03352-8 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Engineering exosomes for pulmonary delivery of peptides and drugs to inflammatory lung cells by inhalation
Kim, G., Lee, Y., Ha, J., Han, S., & Lee, M. (2020) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.12.053 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Exosomes for mRNA delivery: a novel biotherapeutic strategy with hurdles and hope
Aslan, C., Kiaie, S. H., Zolbanin, N. M., Lotfinejad, P., Ramezani, R., Kashanchi, F., & Jafari, R. (2021) · BMC Biotechnology · doi:10.1186/s12896-021-00683-w · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Research Advances of Engineered Exosomes as Drug Delivery Carrier
Huang, L., Wu, E., Liao, J., Wei, Z., Wang, J., & Chen, Z. (2023) · ACS Omega · doi:10.1021/acsomega.3c04479 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Exosomes as nanocarriers for brain-targeted delivery of therapeutic nucleic acids: advances and challenges
Sanadgol, N., Abedi, M., Hashemzaei, M., Kamran, Z., Khalseh, R., Beyer, C., & Voelz, C. (2025) · Journal of Nanobiotechnology · doi:10.1186/s12951-025-03528-2 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Extracellular vesicles in nanomedicine and regenerative medicine: A review over the last decade
Moghassemi, S., Dadashzadeh, A., Sousa, M. J., Vlieghe, H., Yang, J., León-Félix, C. M., & Amorim, C. A. (2024) · Bioactive Materials · doi:10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.02.021 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Novel antitumor therapeutic strategy using CD4+ T cell-derived extracellular vesicles
Shin, S., Jung, I., Jung, D., Kim, C. S. K., Kang, S., Ryu, S., Choi, S.-J., Noh, S., Jeong, J., Lee, B. Y., et al. (2022) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121765 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
A Comprehensive Review on the Applications of Exosomes and Liposomes in Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering
Shafiei, M., Ansari, M. N. M., Razak, S. I. A., & Khan, M. U. A. (2021) · Polymers · doi:10.3390/polym13152529 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Engineering and loading therapeutic extracellular vesicles for clinical translation: A data reporting frame for comparability
Piffoux, M., Volatron, J., Cherukula, K., Aubertin, K., Wilhelm, C., Silva, A., & Gazeau, F. (2021) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2021.113972 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Factors Affecting Extracellular Vesicles Based Drug Delivery Systems
Gaurav, I., Thakur, A., Iyaswamy, A., Wang, X., Chen, X., & Yang, Z. (2021) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules26061544 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Exosome-Based Carrier for RNA Delivery: Progress and Challenges
Lu, Y., Huang, W. C., Li, M., & Zheng, A. (2023) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics15020598 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Targeting Cytokine-Mediated Inflammation in Brain Disorders: Developing New Treatment Strategies
Mallick, R., Basak, S., Chowdhury, P., Bhowmik, P., Das, R. K., Banerjee, A., Paul, S., Pathak, S., & Duttaroy, A. K. (2025) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph18010104 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Extracellular vesicles, from the pathogenesis to the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases
Xia, X., Wang, Y., & Zheng, J. (2022) · Translational Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s40035-022-00330-0 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Self-citation
Engineering exosome-based biomimetic nanovehicles for wound healing
Joorabloo, A., & Liu, T. (2023) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.03.013 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Acoustofluidics for simultaneous nanoparticle-based drug loading and exosome encapsulation
Wang, Z., Rich, J. T., Hao, N., Gu, Y., Chen, C., Yang, S., Zhang, P., & Huang, T. J. (2022) · Microsystems & Nanoengineering · doi:10.1038/s41378-022-00374-2 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Therapeutic Application of Exosomes in Inflammatory Diseases
Suh, J. H., Joo, H. S., Hong, E. B., Lee, H. J., & Lee, J. M. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22031144 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Isolation of high-purity and high-stability exosomes from ginseng
Jang, J.-W., Jeong, H., Jang, E., Kim, E., Yoon, Y., Jang, S., Jeong, H., & Jang, G. (2023) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.1064412 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Enhanced effect of autologous EVs delivering paclitaxel in pancreatic cancer
Faruque, H. A., Choi, E., Kim, J., & Kim, E. (2022) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.05.012 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Exosome/Liposome-like Nanoparticles: New Carriers for CRISPR Genome Editing in Plants
Alghuthaymi, M. A., Ahmad, A., Khan, Z., Khan, S. H., Ahmed, F. K., Faiz, S., Nepovimova, E., Kuča, K., & Abd-Elsalam, K. A. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22147456 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
“Interestingly, recently reported artificial multi-layer NPs exhibited considerable delivery efficiency with CRISPR/Cas9 systems, demonstrating the superiorities of multi-layer structures in delivering CRISPR cargos [19].”
Background
Immune-Cell-Derived Exosomes for Cancer Therapy
Zhao, Y., Liu, T., & Zhou, M. (2022) · Molecular Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00407 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Current knowledge of hybrid nanoplatforms composed of exosomes and organic/inorganic nanoparticles for disease treatment and cell/tissue imaging
Soltanmohammadi, F., Gharehbaba, A. M., Zangi, A. R., Adibkia, K., & Javadzadeh, Y. (2024) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117248 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
CRISPR-Cas9 delivery strategies with engineered extracellular vesicles
Lu, Y., Godbout, K., Lamothe, G., & Tremblay, J. P. (2023) · Molecular Therapy — Nucleic Acids · doi:10.1016/j.omtn.2023.102040 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Functional Extracellular Vesicles for Regenerative Medicine
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Authors: Fu, S., Wang, Y., Xia, X., & Zheng, J. C.
Affiliations: Tongji University (CN)
Corresponding author: Xia, Xiaohuan
Zheng, Jialin C.
ORCID: Wang, Yi
Xia, Xiaohuan
Zheng, Jialin C.
Venue: NanoImpact
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2020-10
Volume: 20
Pages: 100261
ISSN: 2452-0748 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2020.100261
OpenAlex: W3092146157
Cited by: 444
References: 204
Citations by year: 2026: 47 · 2025: 94 · 2024: 93 · 2023: 91 · 2022: 68 · 2021: 46 · 2020: 3 · 2013: 1
FWCI: 16.89
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc-nd
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (vor, 10 d)
Locations: NanoImpact (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders: Foundation for the National Institutes of Health
National Natural Science Foundation of China
National Key Research and Development Program of China
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Extracellular vesicles in disease
Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
Keywords: exosomes, exosome engineering, cargo loading, targeted delivery, exosome biogenesis, membrane modification, nucleic acid delivery, drug delivery, in situ synthesis, electroporation, sonication, freeze-thaw

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Exosome engineering: Current progress in cargo loading and targeted delivery

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