Lead removal from aqueous solutions by olive mill wastes derived biochar: Batch experiments and geochemical modelling
Abstract
In this study, lead removal from aqueous solutions using biochar derived from olive mill solid and liquid wastes has been investigated by applying batch experiments and geochemical modelling. The batch adsorption experiments included the assessment of several key parameters such as the contact time (kinetic), initial concentration (isotherm), pH, adsorbent dose, and the presence of competitive cations, whilst the geochemical modelling focused on the involved adsorption mechanisms using the PHREEQC code. The kinetic studies showed that lead adsorption is a relatively fast process, where intraparticle diffusion is the rate-limiting step. Biochar dose, solution pH and the presence of competitive ions significantly affected the Pb adsorption effectiveness by the biochar. Especially the higher Pb removal percentages were observed in mono-elemental solutions with high biochar dose at mildly acidic solution pH values. The maximum Pb adsorption capacity of biochar was estimated as 40.8 mg g-1 which is higher than various biochars derived from sludge, lignocellulosic and animal biomasses. On the other hand, the geochemical modelling employing the PHREEQC code showed that ion exchange and Pb precipitation are the main reactions controlling its removal from aqueous solutions, whilst surface complexation is insignificant, mainly due to the low surface functional groups on the used biochar.
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At solution pH values greater than 6, Pb2+ in solution is readily converted to hydroxide complexes including Pb(OH)2+, Pb(OH)2, Pb2(OH)3+, and Pb3(OH)24+.
“At solution pH values greater than 6, the Pb2+ in solution is readily converted to hydroxide complexes, including but not limited to Pb(OH)2+, Pb(OH)2, Pb2(OH)3+, and Pb3(OH)24+ [58].”
From Effect of CeO2-Reinforcement on Pb Absorption by Coconut Coir-Derived Magnetic Biochar (2023) · cites this paper as [58]
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Self-citationBiochar heavy metal removal in aqueous solution depends on feedstock type and pyrolysis purging gas
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Effect of CeO2-Reinforcement on Pb Absorption by Coconut Coir-Derived Magnetic Biochar
Yang, Y., Shan, R., Xiao, Y., Zhao, F., Yuan, H., & Chen, Y. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24031974 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
- Authors
- Kypritidou, Z., El-Bassi, L., Jellali, S., Kinigopoulou, V., Tziritis, E., Akrout, H., Jeguirim, M., & Doulgeris, C.
- Affiliations
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (GR)
- University of Carthage (TN)
- Sultan Qaboos University (OM)
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization - DIMITRA (GR)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Doulgeris, Charalampos
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Environmental Management
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2022-09
- Volume
- 318
- Pages
- 115562
- ISSN
- 0301-4797 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4283452030
- Cited by
- 39
- References
- 7
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 1
- FWCI
- 2.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Environmental Management (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Environmental remediation with nanomaterials
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Heavy metals in environment
- Keywords
- lead removal, biochar, olive mill waste, adsorption, heavy metal removal, adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms, competitive cations, pH effect, adsorption capacity, ion exchange, lead precipitation, surface complexation, PHREEQC modeling, agricultural waste valorization
- MeSH terms
- Adsorption, Animals, Charcoal, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Kinetics, Lead, Solutions, Water, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Olea
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