Small WEEE: Determining recyclables and hazardous substances in plastics
Abstract
An examination regarding the determination of recyclables and hazardous substances in small waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) found in the residual household waste stream of the city of Dresden, Germany, is described. Firstly, attitudes towards the disposal of small WEEE in the latter are assessed, and product types and categories which mostly contribute to its composition are identified. Physical parameters which could be used as mechanical sorting criteria are measured, and the material composition of the small WEEE found is determined. The hazardous substances' "base" charge in the residual waste is established by means of atomic absorption spectrometry and ionic chromatography, as a first step in estimating the contribution of small WEEE to its pollutant load. Consequently, the content of small WEEE plastics in key heavy metals and halogens is determined. Key conclusions are drawn concerning the future strategic development and practical implementation of the 2002/96/EC Directive, in relation to small WEEE management and recycling.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Materials contained in EEE usually include base metals, precious metals, critical raw materials, and plastics, most of which are very valuable.
“Materials contained in EEE usually include base metals, such as aluminum and copper; precious metals, such as silver and gold; critical raw materials, such as rare earths, gallium, indium; and plastics [184], most of which are very valuable [185][186][187][188].”
From Material efficiency strategies to reducing greenhouse gas emissions associated with buildings, vehicles, and electronics—a review (2019) · cites this paper as [186]
Cites
Metallurgical recovery of metals from electronic waste: A review
Cui, J., & Zhang, L. (2008) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.02.001 · Cited by 1,782 · see citing works
Mechanical recycling of waste electric and electronic equipment: a review
Cui, J., & Forssberg, E. (2003) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/s0304-3894(03)00061-x · Cited by 1,096 · see citing works
Electronic waste recycling: A review of U.S. infrastructure and technology options
Kang, H.-Y., & Schoenung, J. M. (2005) · Resources Conservation and Recycling · doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2005.06.001 · Cited by 591 · see citing works
Darby, L., & Obara, L. (2005) · Resources, Conservation and Recycling · doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2004.09.002 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Mechanical separation-oriented characterization of electronic scrap
Zhang, S., & Forssberg, E. (1997) · Resources Conservation and Recycling · doi:10.1016/s0921-3449(97)00039-6 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Schlummer, M., Gruber, L., Mäurer, A., Wolz, G., & van Eldik, R. (2007) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.05.077 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Metals, non-metals and PCB in electrical and electronic waste – Actual levels in Switzerland
Morf, L. S., Tremp, J., Gloor, R., Schuppisser, F., Stengele, M., & Taverna, R. (2006) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2006.06.014 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Analysis of flame retarded polymers and recycling materials
Riess, M., Ernst, T., Popp, R. K., Müller, B., Thoma, H., Vierle, O., Wolf, M., & van Eldik, R. (2000) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(99)00336-7 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Mohabuth, N., & Miles, N. J. (2005) · Resources Conservation and Recycling · doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2005.02.001 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Fink, H., Panne, U., Theisen, M. O., Nießner, R., Probst, T., & Lin, X. (2000) · Fresenius Journal of Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1007/s002160000392 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Vehlow, J., & Mark, F. E. (1997) · OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Shrivastava, P., O'Connell, S., & Whitley, A. (2005) · Proceedings of the ... IEEE International Symposium on Electronics and the Environment · doi:10.1109/isee.2005.1437013 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Rotter, V. S., Janz, A., & Bilitewski, B. (2006) · Müll und Abfall · doi:10.37307/j.1863-9763.2006.08.05 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
How are WEEE doing? A global review of the management of electrical and electronic wastes
Ongondo, F. O., Williams, I. D., & Cherrett, T. J. (2011) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2010.10.023 · Cited by 931 · see citing works
Hertwich, E. G., Ali, S., Ciacci, L., Fishman, T., Heeren, N., Masanet, E., Asghari, F. N., Olivetti, E., Pauliuk, S., Tu, Q., et al. (2019) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ab0fe3 · Cited by 477 · see citing works
Recycling of non-metallic fractions from waste printed circuit boards: A review
Guo, J., Guo, J., & Xu, Z. (2009) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.02.104 · Cited by 391 · see citing works
The use of multi-criteria decision analysis to tackle waste management problems: a literature review
Achillas, C., MOUSSIOPOULOS, N., Karagiannidis, A., Banias, G., & Perkoulidis, G. (2013) · Waste Management & Research The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy · doi:10.1177/0734242x12470203 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Recycling of WEEE plastics: a review
Buekens, A. G., & Yang, J. (2014) · Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management · doi:10.1007/s10163-014-0241-2 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Black plastics: Linear and circular economies, hazardous additives and marine pollution
Turner, A. (2018) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2018.04.036 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Composition of plastics from waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) by direct sampling
Martinho, G., Pires, A., Saraiva, L., & Ribeiro, R. A. (2012) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2012.02.010 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Pérez‐Belis, V., Bovea, M. D., & Ibáñez‐Forés, V. (2014) · Waste Management & Research The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy · doi:10.1177/0734242x14557382 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Optimizing reverse logistic costs for recycling end-of-life electrical and electronic products
Dat, L. Q., Doan, L. T. T., Chou, S., & Yu, V. F. (2011) · Expert Systems with Applications · doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2011.12.031 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Mobile phone waste management and recycling: Views and trends
Sarath, P., Bonda, S., Mohanty, S., & NAYAK, S. K. (2015) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2015.09.013 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Yong, Y. S., Lim, Y. A., & Ilankoon, I. M. S. K. (2019) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.03.205 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Taurino, R., Pozzi, P., & Zanasi, T. (2010) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2010.07.014 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Pérez-Belis, V., Braulio-Gonzalo, M., Juan, P., & Bovea, M. D. (2017) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.04.143 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Stenvall, E., Tostar, S., Boldizar, A., Foreman, M. R. S. J., & Möller, K. (2013) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2012.12.022 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Challenges for eco-design of emerging technologies: The case of electronic textiles
Köhler, A. R. (2013) · Materials & Design (1980-2015) · doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2013.04.012 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Achillas, C., Vlachokostas, C., MOUSSIOPOULOS, N., & Banias, G. (2009) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2009.11.029 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Schaeffer, N., Passos, H., Billard, I., Papaïconomou, N., & Coutinho, J. A. P. (2018) · Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology · doi:10.1080/10643389.2018.1477417 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Islam, M. T., Dias, P., & Huda, N. (2020) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111111 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Environmental Issues and Management Strategies for Waste Electronic and Electrical Equipment
Townsend, T. G. (2011) · Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association · doi:10.3155/1047-3289.61.6.587 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Determination of heavy metals and halogens in plastics from electric and electronic waste
Dimitrakakis, E., Janz, A., Bilitewski, B., & Gidarakos, E. (2009) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2009.05.020 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Self-citationSantella, C., Cafiero, L., Angelis, D. D., Marca, F. L., Tuffi, R., & Ciprioti, S. V. (2016) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2016.05.005 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Global occurrence, chemical properties, and ecological impacts of e-wastes (IUPAC Technical Report)
Purchase, D., Abbasi, G., Bisschop, L., Chatterjee, D., Ekberg, C. H., Ermolin, M. S., Fedotov, P. S., Garelick, H., Isimekhai, K. A., Kandile, N. G., et al. (2020) · Pure and Applied Chemistry · doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0502 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Determination of toxic metals in discarded Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs)
Savvilotidou, V., Hahladakis, J. Ν., & Gidarakos, E. (2014) · Resources Conservation and Recycling · doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2014.09.002 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Self-citationTue, N. M., Takahashi, S. I., Subramanian, A., Sakai, S.-I., & Tanabe, S. (2013) · Environmental Science Processes & Impacts · doi:10.1039/c3em00086a · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Puype, F., Samsonek, J., Knoop, J., Egelkraut-Holtus, M., & Ortlieb, M. (2015) · Food Additives & Contaminants Part A · doi:10.1080/19440049.2015.1009499 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
WEEE plastic sorting for bromine essential to enforce EU regulation
Hennebert, P., & Filella, M. (2017) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2017.09.031 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Bovea, M. D., Ibáñez‐Forés, V., Pérez‐Belis, V., & Juan, P. (2017) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2017.10.040 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Pyrometallurgical Processes for the Recovery of Metals from WEEE
Ebin, B., & Isik, M. I. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-803363-0.00005-5 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Samsonek, J., & Puype, F. (2013) · Food Additives & Contaminants Part A · doi:10.1080/19440049.2013.829246 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Fenton treatment for flotation separation of polyvinyl chloride from plastic mixtures
Wang, J., & Wang, H. (2017) · Separation and Purification Technology · doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2017.06.076 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Bovea, M. D., Pérez-Belis, V., & Quemades-Beltrán, P. (2017) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.02.069 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Periyasamy, A. P. (2023) · Toxics · doi:10.3390/toxics11050406 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Trúc, N. T. T., & Lee, B. (2016) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.6b02280 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Mallampati, S. R., Heo, J. H., & Park, M. H. (2015) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.11.054 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Bovea, M. D., Ibáñez‐Forés, V., Pérez‐Belis, V., & Quemades-Beltrán, P. (2016) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2016.03.038 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Kantarelis, E., Yang, W., Blasiak, W., Forsgren, C., & Zabaniotou, A. A. (2010) · Applied Energy · doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.08.022 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Cafiero, L., Fabbri, D., Trinca, E., Tuffi, R., & Ciprioti, S. V. (2015) · Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry · doi:10.1007/s10973-015-4799-2 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Assessment of removal of components containing hazardous substances from small WEEE in Austria
Salhofer, S. P., & Tesar, M. (2010) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.12.030 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
WEEE treatment strategies’ evaluation using fuzzy LINMAP method
Bereketli, İ., Genevois, M. E., Albayrak, Y. E., & Ozyol, M. (2010) · Expert Systems with Applications · doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2010.06.015 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Pérez‐Belis, V., Bovea, M. D., & Simó, A. (2014) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2014.10.022 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Wang, J., Wang, H., Huang, L.-L., & Wang, C. (2017) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2017.05.009 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
A review of the recycling of non-metallic fractions of printed circuit boards
Canal-Marques, A., Cabrera, J.-M., & Malfatti, C. D. F. (2013) · SpringerPlus · doi:10.1186/2193-1801-2-521 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Al-Salem, S. M., Leeke, G. A., El-Eskandarany, M. S., Haute, M. V., Constantinou, A., Dewil, R., & Baeyens, J. (2022) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116181 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Material port fractal of fragmentation of waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) by high-voltage pulse
Zhao, Y., Zhang, B., Duan, C., Chen, X., & Sun, S. (2014) · Powder Technology · doi:10.1016/j.powtec.2014.09.006 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Ismail, H., & Hanafiah, M. M. (2019) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.117927 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Signoret, C., Caro‐Bretelle, A. S., Lopez‐Cuesta, J., Ienny, P., & Perrin, D. (2019) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2019.08.010 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Hertwich, E. G., & Roux, C. (2011) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es201459c · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Pyrolysis of WEEE plastics using catalysts produced from fly ash of coal gasification
Benedetti, M., Cafiero, L., Angelis, D. D., Dell’Era, A., Pasquali, M., Stendardo, S., Tuffi, R., & Ciprioti, S. V. (2017) · Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering · doi:10.1007/s11783-017-0998-3 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Bigum, M., Damgaard, A., Scheutz, C., & Christensen, T. H. (2017) · Resources Conservation and Recycling · doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.02.013 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Trúc, N. T. T., & Lee, B. (2017) · Applied Surface Science · doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.04.075 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Co-pyrolysis of E-Waste Nonmetallic Residues with Biowastes
Shen, Y., Yuan, R., Chen, X., Ge, X., & Chen, M. (2018) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b01439 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Waste From Electrical and Electronic Equipment
Chandrappa, R., & Das, D. B. (2012) · Environmental science and engineering · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-28681-0_8 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Bigum, M., Petersen, C., Christensen, T. H., & Scheutz, C. (2013) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2013.05.019 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Suresh, S. S., Bonda, S., Mohanty, S., & NAYAK, S. K. (2018) · Process Safety and Environmental Protection · doi:10.1016/j.psep.2018.03.003 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Microwave assisted pyrolysis of residual fractions of waste electrical and electronics equipment
Andersson, M. G., Wedel, M. K., Forsgren, C., & Christéen, J. (2011) · Minerals Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2011.09.005 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Casey, K., Lichrou, M., & Fitzpatrick, C. (2019) · Resources, Conservation and Recycling · doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.02.015 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Trúc, N. T. T., & Lee, B. (2017) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.01.027 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Valorization of the plastic residue from a WEEE treatment plant by pyrolysis
Esposito, L., Cafiero, L., Angelis, D. D., Tuffi, R., & Ciprioti, S. V. (2020) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2020.05.022 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Generation of electronic waste in India: Current scenario, dilemmas and stakeholders
Borthakur, A., & Sinha, K. (2013) · African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology · doi:10.5897/ajest2013.1505 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Electronic Waste Management in India: A Stakeholder’s Perspective
Borthakur, A., & Sinha, K. (2014) · Electronic Green Journal · doi:10.5070/g313618041 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Cafiero, L., Castoldi, E., Tuffi, R., & Ciprioti, S. V. (2014) · Polymer Degradation and Stability · doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2014.08.001 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Assessment of tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBPA) content in plastic waste recovered from WEEE
Kousaiti, A., Hahladakis, J. Ν., Savvilotidou, V., Pivnenko, K., Tyrovola, K., Xekoukoulotakis, N. P., Astrup, T. F., & Gidarakos, E. (2019) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121641 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Self-citationLahtela, V., Hamod, H., & Kärki, T. (2022) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155627 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Assessing Strategic Management of E-Waste in Developing Countries
Awasthi, A. K., Iacovidou, E., Awasthi, M. K., Johnson, M., Parajuly, K., Zhao, M., Mishra, S., & Pandey, A. K. (2023) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su15097263 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Wang, J., Wang, H., & Yue, D. (2019) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.8b06432 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Momanyi, J., Herzog, M., & Muchiri, P. (2019) · Recycling · doi:10.3390/recycling4030033 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Gómez, M., Peisino, L. E., Kreiker, J., Gaggino, R., Cappelletti, A. L., Martín, S. E., Uberman, P. M., Positieri, M. J., & Raggiotti, B. B. (2019) · Construction and Building Materials · doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.116977 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Pyrolytic degradation kinetics of HIPS, ABS, PC and their blends with PP and PVC
Rousi, A. T., Vouvoudi, E. C., & Achilias, D. S. (2020) · Thermochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.tca.2020.178705 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Aguirre, M. Á., Hidalgo, M., Canals, A., Nóbrega, J. A., & Pereira‐Filho, E. R. (2013) · Talanta · doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2013.09.046 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Hoang, A. Q., Tue, N. M., Tu, M. B., Suzuki, G., Matsukami, H., Tuyen, L. H., Viet, P. H., Kunisue, T., Sakai, S.-I., & Takahashi, S. (2023) · Environmental Geochemistry and Health · doi:10.1007/s10653-022-01408-4 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Alassali, A., Abis, M., Fiore, S., & Kuchta, K. (2019) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.120874 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Occurrence and sources of zinc in fuels
Jones, F., Bankiewicz, D., & Hupa, M. M. (2013) · Fuel · doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2013.10.005 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Waste electrical and electronic equipment management in Botswana: Prospects and challenges
Mmereki, D., Li, B., & Liao, W. (2014) · Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association · doi:10.1080/10962247.2014.892544 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
WEEE Recycling and Circular Economy Assisted by Collaborative Robots
Álvarez, E., Rentería, A., & Díaz-Martín, F. (2020) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app10144800 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Teixeira, F. D. S. M., Peres, A. C. D. C., Gomes, T. S., Visconte, L. L. Y., & Pacheco, É. B. A. V. (2020) · Journal of Polymers and the Environment · doi:10.1007/s10924-020-01966-7 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Werner-Lewandowska, K., Golińska-Dawson, P., & Mierzwiak, R. (2025) · International Journal of Production Economics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2025.109617 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Han, J. L., Duan, C., Lu, Q., Jiang, H., Fan, X., Wen, P., & Ju, Y. (2019) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.12.288 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Waste electric and electronic toys: Management practices and characterisation
Pérez‐Belis, V., Bovea, M. D., & Gómez, A. (2013) · Resources Conservation and Recycling · doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2013.05.002 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Electronic waste management cost: a scenario-based analysis for Greece
Achillas, C., Vlachokostas, C., MOUSSIOPOULOS, N., Perkoulidis, G., Banias, G., & Mastropavlos, M. (2011) · Waste Management & Research The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy · doi:10.1177/0734242x10389104 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Vouvoudi, E. C., Rousi, A. T., & Achilias, D. S. (2017) · Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering · doi:10.1007/s11783-017-0996-5 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
El-Sayed, D., Abdelbasir, S. M., Abdel‐Ghafar, H. M., Salah, A., & Sayed, S. A. (2020) · Journal of environmental chemical engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jece.2020.103826 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Bovea, M. D., Pérez‐Belis, V., Ibáñez‐Forés, V., & Quemades-Beltrán, P. (2016) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2016.04.011 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Kong, Y., Li, Y., Hu, G., Cao, N., Ling, Y., Pan, D., Shao, Q., & Guo, Z. (2018) · Polymers for Advanced Technologies · doi:10.1002/pat.4346 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
A review of various strategies in e-waste management in line with circular economics
Pouyamanesh, S., Kowsari, E., Ramakrishna, S., & Chinnappan, A. (2023) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-023-29224-y · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Rosa, P., & Terzi, S. (2016) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.07.089 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Frenţiu, T., Mihaltan, A. I., Ponta, M., Darvasi, E., Frentiu, M., & Cordos, E. A. (2011) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.07.031 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Mello, P. A., Diehl, L. O., Oliveira, J. S. S., Müller, E. I., Mesko, M. F., & Flores, É. M. M. (2014) · Spectrochimica Acta Part B Atomic Spectroscopy · doi:10.1016/j.sab.2014.09.002 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Wang, J., Liu, W., Wang, H., Wang, C., & Huang, W. (2018) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2018.07.001 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Tatariants, M., Yousef, S., Skapas, M., Juškėnas, R., Makarevičius, V., Lukošiūtė, I., & Денафас, Г. (2018) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.283 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Guo, C., Zou, Q., Wang, J., Wang, H., Chen, S., & Zhong, Y. (2018) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2018.10.031 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Raw material potential of recyclable materials for fiber composites: a review study
Keskisaari, A., & Kärki, T. (2016) · Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management · doi:10.1007/s10163-016-0511-2 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Luo, M., Wang, H., Zhang, Y., Zhong, Y., & Wang, K. (2019) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.05.049 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Muniyappan, D., Pereira, A. O., Angkayarkan Vinayakaselvi, M., & Ramanathan, A. (2023) · Energy · doi:10.1016/j.energy.2023.127652 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Teixeira, F. D. S. M., Peres, A. C. D. C., & Pacheco, É. B. A. V. (2023) · Frontiers in Sustainability · doi:10.3389/frsus.2023.1203457 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Mallampati, S. R., Lee, C.-H., Park, M., & Lee, B. (2016) · Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management · doi:10.1007/s10163-016-0546-4 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Puype, F., Samsonek, J., Vilímková, V., Kopečková, Š., Ratiborská, A., Knoop, J., Egelkraut-Holtus, M., Ortlieb, M., & Oppermann, U. (2017) · Food Additives & Contaminants Part A · doi:10.1080/19440049.2017.1332430 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Zhao, Y., Yang, S., Wen, H., Shen, Z., & Han, F. (2019) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2019.02.044 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Materials Recovery, Direct Reuse and Incineration of PET Bottles
Chirayil, C. J., Mishra, R. K., & Thomas, S. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-811361-5.00003-1 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Muniyappan, D., Lima, G. R., Pereira, A. O., Gopi, R., & Ramanathan, A. (2023) · Journal of environmental chemical engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jece.2023.111436 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Processes in informal end-processing of e-waste generated from personal computers in Vietnam
Tran, C. D., & Salhofer, S. P. (2017) · Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management · doi:10.1007/s10163-017-0678-1 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
- Authors
- Dimitrakakis, E., Janz, A., Bilitewski, B., & Gidarakos, E.
- Affiliations
- Technical University of Crete (GR)
- Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Gidarakos, Evangelos
- ORCID
- Janz, Alexander
- Venue
- Journal of Hazardous Materials
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-01
- Volume
- 161
- Issue
- 2-3
- Pages
- 913-919
- ISSN
- 0304-3894 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2079319829
- Cited by
- 181
- References
- 13
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 14.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Hazardous Materials (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Waste Management and Disposal › Recycling and Waste Management Techniques
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Waste Management and Disposal › Municipal Solid Waste Management
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Recycling and utilization of industrial and municipal waste in materials production
- Keywords
- WEEE, household waste, recyclable materials, hazardous substances, plastics, heavy metals, halogens, mechanical sorting, waste composition, e-waste recycling
- MeSH terms
- Chemistry, Physical, Chromatography, Ion Exchange, Conservation of Natural Resources, Electronics, Environmental Pollutants, Germany, Halogens, Industrial Waste, Materials Testing, Plastics, Refuse Disposal, Spectrophotometry, Atomic, Metals, Heavy
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
