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Rhizoremediation as a green technology for the remediation of petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soils
Open accessAbstract
Rhizoremediation is increasingly becoming a green and sustainable alternative to physico-chemical methods for remediation of contaminated environments through the utilization of symbiotic relationship between plants and their associated soil microorganisms in the root zone. The overall efficiency can be enhanced by identifying suitable plant-microbe combinations for specific contaminants and supporting the process with the application of appropriate soil amendments. This approach not only involves promoting the existing activity of plants and soil microbes, but also introduces an adequate number of microorganisms with specific catabolic activity. Here, we reviewed recent literature on the main mechanisms and key factors in the rhizoremediation process with a particular focus on soils contaminated with total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH). We then discuss the potential of different soil amendments to accelerate the remediation efficiency based on biostimulation and bioaugmentation processes. Notwithstanding some successes in well-controlled environments, rhizoremediation of TPH under field conditions is still not widespread and considered less attractive than physico-chemical methods. We catalogued the major pitfalls of this remediation approach at the field scale in TPH-contaminated sites and, provide some applicable situations for the future successful use of in situ rhizoremediation of TPH-contaminated soils.
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“In addition, plants enhance the microbial activity in the rhizosphere, which accelerates the removal efficiency of organic contaminants (Hoang et al. 2021).”
From Sustainable management of post-phytoremediation biomass (2025) · cites this paper as Hoang et al. 2021
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Hoang, S. A., Lamb, D., Seshadri, B., Sarkar, B., Choppala, G., Kirkham, M. B., & Bolan, N. S.
- Affiliations
- Trường Đại học Xây dựng Miền Trung (VN)
- University of Newcastle Australia (AU)
- Lancaster University (GB)
- Kansas State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bolan, Nanthi S.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Hazardous Materials
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-01
- Volume
- 401
- Pages
- 123282
- ISSN
- 0304-3894 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3037053132
- Cited by
- 189
- References
- 283
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 32
- FWCI
- 6.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- eprints.lancs.ac.uk
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Hazardous Materials (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- NOVA (University of Newcastle Australia) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Steroid Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Environmental and Analytical Chemistry Studies
- Keywords
- rhizoremediation, total petroleum hydrocarbons, oil-contaminated soil, plant-microbe symbiosis, rhizosphere, biostimulation, bioaugmentation, soil amendment, in situ remediation
- MeSH terms
- Biodegradation, Environmental, Hydrocarbons, Petroleum, Soil, Soil Microbiology, Soil Pollutants, Technology
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