Effect of growth conditions on cell wall composition and cadmium adsorption in Chlorella vulgaris: a new approach to biosorption research
Abstract
Biosorption of toxic metals in microalgae is a process relying on the presence of cell wall reactive groups acting as binding sites. This work studied the effect of culture conditions on the outer cell wall composition of C. vulgaris and cadmium biosorption. The experiments were conducted in continuous culture under light and nitrogen limitation at two growth rates (0.4 and 0.2 d-1). Functional groups were profiled using ATR-FTIR spectrometry, and total cadmium biosorption was assayed. Significant differences in composition were attested the most salient being the absence of carboxyl groups in the light deprived states and a larger number of carbohydrates and amino groups in the nitrogen deprived cultures, particularly amino groups from deacetylated D-glucosamine polysaccharides. Higher biosorption was obtained with the nitrogen-restricted biomass, reaching a maximum of 11.9 mg Cd/g biomass, as compared to a minimum of 8.0 mg Cd/g biomass achieved in the light-restricted states. The increased biosorption exhibited by nitrogen-restricted strains was attributed to the deacetylated amino groups that have enhanced cation affinity. This work has shown that the characteristics of the outer cell wall can be engineered by culture conditions to improve biosorption, providing a new approach that opens up new research frontiers for the biosorption of hazardous metals.
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Different chemical groups present in the cell wall of microalgae, such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, and sulfate, perform as binding sites and are effective ion exchangers that contribute to complexation of metal ions and adsorption of organic substances from polluted water.
“Different chemical groups present in the cell wall of microalgae, such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, and sulfate, perform as binding sites and are also effective ion exchangers that contribute to the complexation of metal ions and adsorption of organic substances from polluted water [73].”
From Microalgae-based wastewater treatment: Mechanisms, challenges, recent advances, and future prospects (2023) · cites this paper as [73]
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Microalgae-based wastewater treatment: Mechanisms, challenges, recent advances, and future prospects
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- Authors
- Soto-Ramírez, R., Lobos, M.-G., Córdova, O., Poirrier, P., & Chamy, R.
- Affiliations
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso (CL)
- Venue
- Journal of Hazardous Materials
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-06
- Volume
- 411
- Pages
- 125059
- ISSN
- 0304-3894 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3120804516
- Cited by
- 63
- References
- 86
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 3
- FWCI
- 2.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Hazardous Materials (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Algal biology and biofuel production
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Heavy Metal Pollution Remediation
- Keywords
- cadmium biosorption, Chlorella vulgaris, culture conditions, nitrogen limitation, light deprivation, growth rate, amino groups, carboxyl groups, metal binding sites, heavy metal removal
- MeSH terms
- Adsorption, Cadmium, Cell Wall, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Kinetics, Biomass, Chlorella vulgaris
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