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Air sampling methods to evaluate microbial contamination in operating theatres: results of a comparative study in an orthopaedics department
Abstract
Aim To evaluate the level of microbial contamination of air in operating theatres using active [i.e. surface air system (SAS)] and passive [i.e. index of microbial air contamination (IMA) and nitrocellulose membranes positioned near the wound] sampling systems. Methods Sampling was performed between January 2010 and January 2011 in the operating theatre of the orthopaedics department in a university hospital in Southern Italy. Findings During surgery, the mean bacterial loads recorded were 2232.9 colony-forming units (cfu)/m(2)/h with the IMA method, 123.2 cfu/m(3) with the SAS method and 2768.2 cfu/m(2)/h with the nitrocellulose membranes. Correlation was found between the results of the three methods. Staphylococcus aureus was detected in 12 of 60 operations (20%) with the membranes, five (8.3%) operations with the SAS method, and three operations (5%) with the IMA method. Conclusion Use of nitrocellulose membranes placed near a wound is a valid method for measuring the microbial contamination of air. This method was more sensitive than the IMA method and was not subject to any calibration bias, unlike active air monitoring systems.
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A study published in 2012 found that levels of recorded microbial contamination in operating rooms are also influenced by external factors such as the point of collection in the operating room.
“A study published in 2012 found that levels of recorded microbial contamination in operating rooms are also influenced by external factors such as the point of collection in the operating room [32]”
From Air sampling procedures to evaluate microbial contamination: a comparison between active and passive methods in operating theatres (2012) · cites this paper as [32]
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Napoli, C., Marcotrigiano, V., & Montagna, M. T. (2012) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-594 · Cited by 244
“A study published in 2012 found that levels of recorded microbial contamination in operating rooms are also influenced by external factors such as the point of collection in the operating room [32]; so confirming previous reports in which, with the passive sampling method, higher counts were found on settle plates nea…”
ResultSelf-citationY, V., & S, U. (2019) · Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology · doi:10.22207/jpam.13.1.25 · Cited by 6
Metadata
- Authors
- Napoli, C., Tafuri, S., Montenegro, L., Cassano, M., Notarnicola, A., Lattarulo, S., Montagna, M. T., & Moretti, B.
- Affiliations
- University of Bari Aldo Moro (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Napoli, C.
- Venue
- Journal of Hospital Infection
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-02
- Volume
- 80
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 128-132
- ISSN
- 0195-6701 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2075805088
- Cited by
- 56
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 3.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Hospital Infection (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Infection Control in Healthcare
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Infection Control and Ventilation
- Keywords
- airborne microbial contamination, Staphylococcus aureus, orthopedic surgery, surgical site infection, hospital infection control
- MeSH terms
- Air Microbiology, Bacteria, Hospitals, University, Humans, Italy, Operating Rooms, Bacterial Load
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