The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
An Electrochemical Haber-Bosch Process
Open accessAbstract
Summary Ammonia, produced via the Haber-Bosch (HB) process, is globally the leading chemical in energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. In ammonia plants, hydrogen is generated by steam-methane reforming (SMR) and water-gas shift (WGS) and, subsequently, is purified for the high-pressure ammonia synthesis. Herein, we demonstrate how these steps are integrated into a single BaZrO3-based protonic ceramic membrane reactor (PCMR), operating at atmospheric pressure. Hydrogen generation occurs on a Ni-composite electrode, while VN-Fe is the ammonia synthesis electrocatalyst. Hydrogen extraction from the reforming compartment enhances the thermodynamically limited methane conversions, whereas 5%–14% of the pumped protons are converted to ammonia. An electrochemical HB is designed by combining this PCMR with a protonic ceramic fuel cell to recover electricity and separate nitrogen from ambient air by exploiting by-product hydrogen. This process could potentially require less energy and release less carbon dioxide emissions than its conventional counterpart, holding promise for sustainable decentralized applications.
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Cites
Managing nitrogen for sustainable development.
Zhang, X., Davidson, E. A., Mauzerall, D. L., Searchinger, T. D., Dumas, P., & Shen, Y. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature15743 · Cited by 3,054
Montoya, J. H., Tsai, C., Vojvodic, A., & Nørskov, J. K. (2015) · ChemSusChem · doi:10.1002/cssc.201500322 · Cited by 1,384
Review of electrochemical ammonia production technologies and materials
Giddey, S., Badwal, S. P. S., & Kulkarni, A. (2013) · International Journal of Hydrogen Energy · doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.09.054 · Cited by 886
Energy efficiency improvements in ammonia production—perspectives and uncertainties
Rafiqul, I., Weber, C., Lehmann, B., & Voss, A. (2005) · Energy · doi:10.1016/j.energy.2004.12.004 · Cited by 439
Cited by
Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction for Sustainable Ammonia Production
van Langevelde, P. H., Katsounaros, I., & Koper, M. T. M. (2021) · Joule · doi:10.1016/j.joule.2020.12.025 · Cited by 1,378
Can sustainable ammonia synthesis pathways compete with fossil-fuel based Haber–Bosch processes?
Wang, M., Khan, M. A., Mohsin, I., Wicks, J., Ip, A. H., Sumon, K. Z., Dinh, C.-T., Sargent, E. H., Gates, I. D., & Kibria, M. G. (2021) · Energy & Environmental Science · doi:10.1039/d0ee03808c · Cited by 518
Wang, B., Li, T., Gong, F., Othman, M. H. D., & Xiao, R. (2022) · Fuel Processing Technology · doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2022.107380 · Cited by 256
Ammonia Production Plants—A Review
Amhamed, A. I., Shuibul Qarnain, S., Hewlett, S., Sodiq, A., Abdellatif, Y., Isaifan, R. J., & Alrebei, O. F. (2022) · Fuels · doi:10.3390/fuels3030026 · Cited by 92
Weng, G., Lei, S., Wang, R., Ouyang, K., Dong, J., Lin, X., Xue, J., Ding, L.-X., & Wang, H. (2023) · Joule · doi:10.1016/j.joule.2023.05.013 · Cited by 77
Metadata
- Authors
- Kyriakou, V., Garagounis, I., Vourros, A., Vasileiou, E., & Stoukides, M.
- Venue
- Joule
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-01
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 142-158
- ISSN
- 2542-4351 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2983051527
- Cited by
- 790
- References
- 4
- FWCI
- 9.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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