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Response to Name in Infants Developing Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Prospective Study
Open accessAbstract
Objective To examine longitudinal patterns of response to name from 6-24 months of age in infants at high and low risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Study design A response to name task was tested at 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 24 months of age in 156 infant siblings of children with ASD (high-risk) or typical development (low-risk). At 36 months of age, participants were classified into 1 of 3 outcome groups: group with ASD (n = 20), high-risk group without ASD (n = 76), or low-risk group without ASD (n = 60). Differences in longitudinal performance were assessed using generalized estimating equations, and sensitivity and specificity for identifying ASD were calculated. Differences in age 36-month functioning were examined between infants who developed ASD and repeatedly vs infrequently failed to respond to name. Results At 9 months of age, infants developing ASD were more likely to fail to orient to their names, persisting through 24 months. Sensitivity/specificity for identifying ASD based on at least 1 failure between 12 and 24 months were estimated at .70 in this sample. One-half of the infants who developed ASD had repeated failures in this timeframe, and demonstrated lower age 36-month receptive language, and earlier diagnosis of ASD than infants with ASD who had infrequent failures. Conclusions In addition to recommended routine broad-based and ASD-specific screening, response to name should be regularly monitored in infants at risk for ASD. Infants who consistently fail to respond to their names in the second year of life may be at risk not only for ASD but also for greater impairment by age 3 years.
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“Because many children with ASD have clinical signs within the first year, such as failure to respond to their name3 and reduced positive affect,4 there is a considerable demand for early detection, intervention, and services.5”
From Evaluation of the Diagnostic Stability of the Early Autism Spectrum Disorder Phenotype in the General Population Starting at 12 Months (2019) · cites this paper as [3]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Miller, M., Iosif, A.-M., Hill, M., Young, G. S., Schwichtenberg, A. J., & Ozonoff, S.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
- Corresponding author
- Miller, Meghan
- Venue
- The Journal of Pediatrics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-04
- Volume
- 183
- Pages
- 141-146.e1
- ISSN
- 0022-3476 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5370582
- OpenAlex
- W2583642249
- Cited by
- 129
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 3
- FWCI
- 6.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Journal of Pediatrics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Autism Speaks
- National Institutes of Health
- Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center (U54-HD079125)
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH068398, K99MH092431, R00MH092431, MH068398, R01MH121416, R00MH106642, K99MH106642)
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD079125)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (U54HD079125, HD079125)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, infant siblings, high-risk infants, autism screening, early detection, longitudinal development, receptive language, sensitivity and specificity, early diagnosis
- MeSH terms
- Autism Spectrum Disorder, Age Factors, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Mass Screening, Names, Predictive Value of Tests, Prospective Studies, Psychometrics, Sensitivity and Specificity, Severity of Illness Index, Cohort Studies, Risk Assessment, Siblings, Early Diagnosis
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