Implementing Rapid Whole-Genome Sequencing in Critical Care: A Qualitative Study of Facilitators and Barriers to New Technology Adoption
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To characterize the views of members of the multi-disciplinary team regarding the implementation of rapid whole-genome sequencing (rWGS) as a first-tier test for critically ill children in diverse children's hospital settings. STUDY DESIGN: Qualitative interviews informed by implementation science theory were conducted with the multidisciplinary patient care teams and hospital leaders at each of the 5 tertiary care children's hospitals involved in a statewide rWGS implementation project. RESULTS: Our analysis revealed 5 key themes regarding the implementation process across the sites: the need for rWGS champions, educational needs and strategies, negotiating decision-making roles and processes, workflows and workarounds, and perceptions about rWGS. From the findings a composite clinical workflow diagram was developed to summarize all of the processes involved in the implementation of the test, and the key areas where implementation practices differed. CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide insights for design of interventions to support adoption, scale-up, and sustainability of rWGS and other novel technologies in neonatal and pediatric critical care settings.
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“Also, they report barriers related to a lack of awareness or training, cost concerns, and busy schedules [33, 35–39], resulting in uncertainty and lower priority for referring patients to genetic counseling.”
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“As suggested by early implementation studies [41, 42], a NICU “GS champion”—for example, a NGP who has received basic education in genomic medicine and is passionate about GS—can assist in identifying appropriate infants for GS and consenting parents.”
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“Barriers to the implementation of genomic sequencing in the NICU include additional educational needs of non-genetics providers, clarification of professional roles for neonatal and genetics providers, lack of efficient workflows to manage logistics, concerns regarding the complexity of the information that could be l…”
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“After reception of the urGS results, the majority would cancel imaging test orders (60% [22/37]) or surgery (51% [19/37]; Fig.”
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Neonatal Critical Care: Looking Toward the Future
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“Previous studies explored other elements of WGS in children, such as perceived knowledge and attitudes of healthcare professionals towards its inclusion in clinical practice [6], insights for developing adequate interventions leading to its implementation in the pediatric/neonatal critical care [7], concerns and opini…”
BackgroundPreparedness and training of genetic counselors practicing in inpatient settings
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“…in explaining results to families as barriers to the use of genetic testing in the inpatient setting and have expressed a desire for support from genetic counselors, especially for consenting patients and results interpretation (Deuitch et al., 2020 ; Fishler et al., 2023 ; Franck et al., 2021 ).”
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Genomics screening of neonates
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Self-citationNew approaches to genetic counseling
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Raper, A. C., Weathers, B., Drivas, T. G., Ellis, C. A., Kripke, C. M., Oyer, R. A., Owens, A. T., Verma, A., Wileyto, P., Wollack, C., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26786034
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Omics technologies for diagnosis of infectious diseases: A review
Delegkou, M., Spyridakis, E., Zoumi, C., Galanis, A., Panagopoulou, A., & Karamalis, C. (2026) · Journal of Contemporary Studies in Epidemiology and Public Health · doi:10.29333/jconseph/18118
“Finally, the lack of knowledge present in medical professionals acts as a barrier to the implementation of genomics and highlights the need for proper education through seminars, case reviews and peer-to-peer learning [42].”
Rapid genomic sequencing in the NICU: Who to test and why
Ali, S. S., Newsam, M. T., & Agrawal, P. B. (2026) · European Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41431-026-02207-6
Hospital-wide implementation of inpatient first-tier rapid genome sequencing
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Kim, A., Newton, J., Keogh, L. A., & Nisselle, A. E. (2026) · European Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41431-026-02245-0
- Authors
- Franck, L. S., Kriz, R. M., Rego, S., Garman, K., Hobbs, C., & Dimmock, D.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine (US)
- Rady Children's Hospital-San Diego (US)
- Corresponding author
- Franck, Linda S.
- Venue
- The Journal of Pediatrics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-10
- Volume
- 237
- Pages
- 237-243.e2
- ISSN
- 0022-3476 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3164028362
- Cited by
- 59
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 6
- FWCI
- 11.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- The Journal of Pediatrics (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Policy Implementation Science
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genomics and Rare Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Health Informatics › Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
- Keywords
- rapid whole genome sequencing, intensive care, pediatric intensive care, neonatal intensive care, technology adoption, implementation barriers and facilitators, multidisciplinary team, clinical workflow, children's hospitals, implementation champions
- MeSH terms
- Child, Critical Care, Hospitals, Pediatric, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Technology, Rare Diseases, Qualitative Research
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