The association between traumatic brain injury and ADHD in a Canadian adult sample
Abstract
Objective This study describes the association between lifetime traumatic brain injury (TBI) and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among Canadian adults. Method A cross-sectional sample of 3993 Ontario adults aged 18 or older were surveyed by Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing (CATI) throughout 2011 and 2012 as part of the CAMH Monitor, a rolling survey assessing the health, mental health and substance use of Ontario adults. TBI was defined as trauma to the head that resulted in loss of consciousness for at least five minutes or overnight hospitalization. ADHD was measured by the 6-item ASRS screener for adult ADHD, and self-reported history of diagnosed ADHD. Results Among adults with a history of TBI, 6.6% (95% CI: 4.7, 9.4) screened ADHD positive, and 5.9% (95% CI: 3.6, 9.5) reported having been diagnosed with ADHD in their lifetime. Adults with lifetime TBI had significantly greater odds of scoring positive on the ADHD/ASRS screen (OR = 2.49, 95% CI: 1.54, 4.04), and of reporting a history of diagnosed ADHD (OR = 2.64, 95% CI: 1.40, 4.98) than without TBI, when holding values of sex, age, and education constant. Conclusion Significant positive associations between lifetime TBI and both current and past ADHD were observed among adults in this population. More research to understand these associations, and their significance for the etiology and management of TBI and ADHD, is needed.
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Medical conditions, such as epilepsy, can co-occur with ADHD.
“Medical conditions, such as epilepsy, can co-occur with ADHD (Ilie et al., 2015; Lange et al., 2018).”
From The Australian evidence-based clinical practice guideline for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (2023) · cites this paper as Ilie et al., 2015
The Discussion reports that adults with a lifetime traumatic brain injury had greater odds of ADHD, supporting co-occurrence with a medical condition. Our copy does not address epilepsy, so it does not support the sentence’s specific example (searched: epilepsy, seizures). Page numbers were not available for the indexed passages. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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Self-citationPosition statement: definition of traumatic brain injury
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Voineskos, D., Daskalakis, Z. J., & Blumberger, D. M. (2020) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s198774 · Cited by 446 · see citing works
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“Medical conditions, such as epilepsy, can cooccur with ADHD (Ilie et al., 2015; Lange et al., 2018).”
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- Authors
- Ilie, G., Vingilis, E. R., Mann, R. E., Hamilton, H., Toplak, M., Adlaf, E. M., Kolla, N., Ialomiteanu, A., van der Mass, M., Asbridge, M., Vingilis-Jaremko, L., Rehm, J., & Cusimano, M. D.
- Affiliations
- St. Michael's Hospital (CA)
- Western University (CA)
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CA)
- York University (CA)
- Dalhousie University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Ilie, Gabriela
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Psychiatric Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-10
- Volume
- 69
- Pages
- 174-179
- ISSN
- 0022-3956 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1621282658
- Cited by
- 128
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 6.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Psychiatric Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Scholarship@Western (Western University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (TIR103946, MOP 102537)
- Ontario Neurotrauma Foundation
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC)
- Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Keywords
- traumatic brain injury, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, adult ADHD, comorbidities, ADHD screening, ASRS, Ontario adults, Canadian adults
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Brain Injuries, Canada, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Male, Middle Aged, Ontario, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Telephone, Logistic Models, Odds Ratio, Young Adult, Self Report
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