Influence of carbohydrate on serum caffeine concentrations following caffeine ingestion
Abstract
Objectives To examine the effect of a high carbohydrate meal on serum caffeine concentration following caffeine intake.Design Randomised, double-blind, crossover.Methods Fourteen healthy males randomly completed 4 trials, each separated by 5 days. Participants either remained fasted (on 2 occasions) or ingested a high carbohydrate meal (2.0gkg(-1) carbohydrate, 42.4±0.6kJkg(-1)) prior to consuming either 6 or 9mgkg(-1) anhydrous caffeine. Venous blood was sampled for the analysis of serum caffeine at baseline and at 6 time-points over 4h following caffeine intake.Results Peak caffeine concentration occurred 60min following ingestion for both the 6 and 9mgkg(-1) fasted (p<0.001) trials compared to 120 and 180min following ingestion for the 6 and 9mgkg(-1) fed trials, respectively (p<0.001). Peak concentration was greater in the 9mgkg(-1) fasted trial than the corresponding fed condition (70±9μmolL(-1) and 56±6μmolL(-1), respectively) and both were greater than the 6mgkg(-1) conditions (44±8μmolL(-1) and 38±8μmolL(-1) for 6mgkg(-1) fasted and fed, respectively). Area under the caffeine curve was significantly greater (p<0.001) in the 9mgkg(-1) fasted trial (3262μmolL(-1)h(-1)), whilst areas were lowest in the 6mgkg(-1) fed trial (1644μmolL(-1)h(-1)).Conclusions A high carbohydrate meal consumed prior to caffeine ingestion significantly reduced serum caffeine concentrations and delayed time to peak concentration. Differences in research findings between caffeine supplementation studies may, at least in part, be related to variations in postprandial timing of caffeine intake. The influence of postprandial timing should be considered when athletes consume caffeine with the aim of enhancing performance.
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With respect to soccer skill performance, the efficacy of caffeine is unclear.
“With respect to soccer skill performance, the efficacy of caffeine is unclear 71”
From Half-time strategies to enhance second-half performance in team-sports players: A review and recommendations (2015) · cites this paper as [71]
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- Authors
- Skinner, T. L., Jenkins, D. G., Folling, J., Leveritt, M. D., Coombes, J. S., & Taaffe, D. R.
- Affiliations
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Skinner, Tina L.
- Venue
- Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-07
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 343-347
- ISSN
- 1440-2440 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2001893912
- Cited by
- 27
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 1.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of science and medicine in sport (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Online (University of Wollongong) (submittedVersion)
- NOVA (University of Newcastle Australia) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Coffee research and impacts
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
- Keywords
- caffeine, carbohydrate intake, high-carbohydrate meal, caffeine dose, athletes, caffeine supplementation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Caffeine, Dietary Carbohydrates, Double-Blind Method, Fasting, Humans, Male, Cross-Over Studies, Carbohydrate Metabolism, Young Adult, Healthy Volunteers
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