Effect of smoking on caffeine clearance
Abstract
The elimination of caffeine from saliva was compared in groups of healthy smokers (n = 13) and nonsmokers (n = 13). Mean caffeine t1/2 in smokers (3.5 hr) was shorter than that in the nonsmokers (6.0 hr). The body clearance of caffeine in the smokers (155 +/- 16 ml . kg-1 . hr-1) was greater than that in the nonsmokers (94 +/- 18 ml . kg-1 . hr-1) (p less than 0.05). No significant difference was noted in the apparent volume of distribution in smokers (720 +/- 67 ml . kg-1) and nonsmokers (610 +/- 80 ml . kg-1). These differences probably reflect the induction of hepatic aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) activity in smokers. The increased clearance of caffeine by smokers may contribute to the higher consumption of coffee reported to occur in this group.
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Cigarette smoking doubles the rate of caffeine clearance by increasing liver enzyme activity.
“Cigarette smoking doubles the rate of caffeine clearance by increasing liver enzyme activity, which may explain the higher rate of caffeine consumption among smokers (64).”
From The Safety of Ingested Caffeine: A Comprehensive Review (2017) · cites this paper as [64]
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- Authors
- Parsons, W. D., & Neims, A. H.
- Affiliations
- McGill University (CA)
- Venue
- Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1978-07
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 40-45
- ISSN
- 0009-9236 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-6535
- OpenAlex
- W166333077
- Cited by
- 302
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 10.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Coffee research and impacts
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Keywords
- smoking, caffeine clearance, enzyme induction, volume of distribution, coffee consumption, smokers versus non-smokers
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Caffeine, Coffee, Female, Humans, Kinetics, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Biological, Saliva, Smoking
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