The DOI matches its Crossref record; 16 of the 16 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Comparative efficacy of various exercise interventions on cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment or dementia: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Exercise is a promising nonpharmacological therapy for cognitive dysfunction, but it is unclear which type of exercise is most effective. The objective of this study was to compare and rank the effectiveness of various exercise interventions on cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia and to examine the effects of exercise on the symptoms relevant to cognitive impairment. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, SPORTDiscus, and PsycInfo through September 2019 and included randomized controlled trials that examined the effectiveness of exercise interventions in patients with MCI or dementia. Primary outcomes included global cognition, executive cognition, and memory cognition. Secondary outcomes included activities of daily living, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and quality of life. Pairwise analyses and network meta-analyses were performed using a random effects model. RESULTS: A total of 73 articles from 71 trials with 5606 participants were included. All types of exercise were effective in increasing or maintaining global cognition, and resistance exercise had the highest probability of being the most effective intervention in slowing the decrease in global cognition (standard mean difference (SMD) = 1.05, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.56-1.54), executive function (SMD = 0.85, 95%CI: 0.21-1.49), and memory function (SMD = 0.32, 95%CI: 0.01-0.63) in patients with cognitive dysfunction. Subgroup analyses for patients with MCI revealed different effects, and multicomponent exercise was most likely to be the optimal exercise therapy for preventing the decline of global cognition (SMD = 0.99, 95%CI: 0.44-1.54) and executive function (SMD = 0.72, 95%CI: 0.06-1.38). However, only resistance exercise showed significant effects on memory function for patients with MCI (SMD = 0.35, 95%CI: 0.01-0.69). Exercise interventions also showed various effects on the secondary outcomes. CONCLUSION: Resistance exercise has the highest probability of being the optimal exercise type for slowing cognitive decline in patients with cognitive dysfunction, especially in patients with dementia. Multicomponent exercise tends to be most effective in protecting global cognition and executive function in patients with MCI.
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Cites
Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions: Cochrane Book Series
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The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans
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Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions
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Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Controlled Trial
Baker, L. D., Frank, L. L., Foster-Schubert, K., Green, P. S., Wilkinson, C. W., McTiernan, A., Plymate, S. R., Fishel, M. A., Watson, G. S., Cholerton, B. A., et al. (2010) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneurol.2009.307 · Cited by 1,171 · cited 1×
“We also planned to perform subgroup analyses by gender and severity of cognitive impairment, given that these 2 variables might affect the participants’ responses to exercise interventions.(33,44) However, during the process of data extraction we found that most of the studies did not report cognition outcomes separat…”
MethodDomains of cognition and their assessment
Harvey, P. D. (2019) · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.31887/dcns.2019.21.3/pharvey · Cited by 695 · cited 2×
“Executive function is commonly referred to as the ability to reason and problem solve, which includes a set of processes, such as planning, strategizing, decision making, inhibiting irrelevant information, and switching flexibly between 2 tasks.(32) Memory function refers to the process of holding and fetching informa…”
BackgroundResultNetwork meta-analysis: application and practice using Stata
Shim, S., Yoon, B.-H., Shin, I.-S., & Bae, J.-M. (2017) · Epidemiology and Health · doi:10.4178/epih.e2017047 · Cited by 656
Network meta-analysis: application and practice using R software
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Spatial memory is improved by aerobic and resistance exercise through divergent molecular mechanisms
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“Although the potential mechanisms of these benefits are not clear, some researchers have pointed out that RE is likely to exert effects through mechanisms that are different from the mechanisms at play in other types of exercise.14,105 First, RE could improve cognitive function by lifting the level of IGF-1 in the hip…”
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Cited by
Gallardo-Gómez, D., del Pozo-Cruz, J., Noetel, M., Álvarez-Barbosa, F., Alfonso-Rosa, R. M., & del Pozo Cruz, B. (2022) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2022.101591 · Cited by 268
Zhang, M., Jia, J., Yang, Y., Zhang, L., & Wang, X. (2023) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2023.102116 · Cited by 157
Sánchez-Sánchez, J. L., de Souto Barreto, P., Antón-Rodrigo, I., Ramón-Espinoza, F., Marín-Epelde, I., Sánchez-Latorre, M., Moral-Cuesta, D., & Casas-Herrero, Á. (2022) · Age and Ageing · doi:10.1093/ageing/afac303 · Cited by 106
Ding, Z., Leung, P.-Y., Lee, T.-L., & Chan, A. S. (2023) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2023.101886 · Cited by 31
Li, G., Xia, H., Teng, G., & Chen, A. (2025) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106008 · Cited by 24
Metadata
- Authors
- Huang, X., Zhao, X., Li, B., Cai, Y., Zhang, S., Wan, Q., & Yu, F.
- Venue
- Journal of Sport and Health Science
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2022-03
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 212-223
- ISSN
- 2213-2961 (ISSN-L)
- 2095-2546
- OpenAlex
- W3162566439
- Cited by
- 392
- References
- 16
- FWCI
- 11.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
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- Huang, X., Zhao, X., Li, B., Cai, Y., Zhang, S., Wan, Q., & Yu, F. (2022). Comparative efficacy of various exercise interventions on cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment or dementia: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Journal of Sport and Health Science. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2021.05.003
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