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Nomenclature for kidney function and disease: report of a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Consensus Conference

Open access
Levey, Andrew S., Eckardt, Kai-Uwe, Dorman, Nijsje M., Christiansen, Stacy L., Hoorn, Ewout J., Ingelfinger, Julie R., Inker, Lesley A., Levin, Adeera, Mehrotra, Rajnish, Palevsky, Paul M., Perazella, Mark A., Tong, Allison, Allison, Susan J., Bockenhauer, Detlef, Briggs, Josephine P., Bromberg, Jonathan S., Davenport, Andrew, Feldman, Harold I., Fouque, Denis, Gansevoort, Ron T., Gill, John S., Greene, Eddie L., Hemmelgarn, Brenda R., Kretzler, Matthias, Lambie, Mark, Lane, Pascale H., Laycock, Joseph, Leventhal, Shari E., Mittelman, Michael, Morrissey, Patricia, Ostermann, Marlies, Rees, Lesley, Ronco, Pierre, Schaefer, Franz, St. Clair Russell, Jennifer, Vinck, Caroline, Walsh, Stephen B., Weiner, Daniel E., Cheung, Michael, Jadoul, Michel, Winkelmayer, Wolfgang C.·2020·Kidney International

Abstract

The worldwide burden of kidney disease is rising, but public awareness remains limited, underscoring the need for more effective communication by stakeholders in the kidney health community. Despite this need for clarity, the nomenclature for describing kidney function and disease lacks uniformity. In June 2019, Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) convened a Consensus Conference with the goal of standardizing and refining the nomenclature used in the English language to describe kidney function and disease, and of developing a glossary that could be used in scientific publications. Guiding principles of the conference were that the revised nomenclature should be patient-centered, precise, and consistent with nomenclature used in the KDIGO guidelines. Conference attendees reached general consensus on the following recommendations: (i) to use "kidney" rather than "renal" or "nephro-" when referring to kidney disease and kidney function; (ii) to use "kidney failure" with appropriate descriptions of presence or absence of symptoms, signs, and treatment, rather than "end-stage kidney disease"; (iii) to use the KDIGO definition and classification of acute kidney diseases and disorders (AKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI), rather than alternative descriptions, to define and classify severity of AKD and AKI; (iv) to use the KDIGO definition and classification of chronic kidney disease (CKD) rather than alternative descriptions to define and classify severity of CKD; and (v) to use specific kidney measures, such as albuminuria or decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR), rather than "abnormal" or "reduced" kidney function to describe alterations in kidney structure and function. A proposed 5-part glossary contains specific items for which there was general agreement. Conference attendees acknowledged limitations of the recommendations and glossary, but they considered standardization of scientific nomenclature to be essential for improving communication.

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Metadata

Authors
Levey, A. S., Eckardt, K.-U., Dorman, N. M., Christiansen, S. L., Hoorn, E. J., Ingelfinger, J. R., Inker, L. A., Levin, A., Mehrotra, R., Palevsky, P. M., Perazella, M. A., Tong, A., Allison, S. J., Bockenhauer, D., Briggs, J. P., Bromberg, J. S., Davenport, A., Feldman, H. I., Fouque, D., Gansevoort, R. T., Gill, J. S., Greene, E. L., Hemmelgarn, B. R., Kretzler, M., Lambie, M., Lane, P. H., Laycock, J., Leventhal, S. E., Mittelman, M., Morrissey, P., Ostermann, M., Rees, L., Ronco, P., Schaefer, F., St. Clair Russell, J., Vinck, C., Walsh, S. B., Weiner, D. E., Cheung, M., Jadoul, M., & Winkelmayer, W. C.
Venue
Kidney International
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2020-06
Volume
97
Issue
6
Pages
1117-1129
ISSN
0085-2538 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3009860442
Cited by
731
References
22
FWCI
61.60
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
hybrid

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Nomenclature for kidney function and disease: report of a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Consensus Conference. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.kint.2020.02.010
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Levey, A. S., Eckardt, K.-U., Dorman, N. M., Christiansen, S. L., Hoorn, E. J., Ingelfinger, J. R., Inker, L. A., Levin, A., Mehrotra, R., Palevsky, P. M., Perazella, M. A., Tong, A., Allison, S. J., Bockenhauer, D., Briggs, J. P., Bromberg, J. S., Davenport, A., Feldman, H. I., Fouque, D., . . . Winkelmayer, W. C. (2020). Nomenclature for kidney function and disease: report of a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Consensus Conference. Kidney International. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2020.02.010

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.