Insights from CREDENCE trial indicate an acute drop in estimated glomerular filtration rate during treatment with canagliflozin with implications for clinical practice
Open accessAbstract
Canagliflozin slows the progression of chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes and induces a reversible acute drop in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), believed to be a hemodynamic effect. Predictors of the initial drop and its association with long-term eGFR trajectories and safety outcomes are unknown. To assess this, we performed a post-hoc analysis of 4289 participants in the CREDENCE trial with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease equally split into treatment and placebo groups who had eGFR measured at both baseline and week three. The eGFR was categorized at week three as greater than a 10% decline; between 0 and 10% decline; and no decline. Long-term eGFR trajectories and safety outcomes were estimated in each category of acute eGFR change by linear mixed effects models and Cox regression after adjustment for baseline characteristics and medications use. Significantly more participants in the canagliflozin (45%) compared to the placebo (21%) group experienced an acute drop in eGFR over 10%. An over 30% drop occurred infrequently (4% of participants with canagliflozin and 2% with placebo). The odds ratio for a drop in eGFR over 10% with canagliflozin compared to placebo was significant at 3.03 (95% confidence interval 2.65, 3.47). Following the initial drop in eGFR, multivariable adjusted long-term eGFR trajectories, as well as overall and kidney safety profiles, in those treated with canagliflozin were similar across eGFR decline categories. Thus, although acute drops in eGFR over 10% occurred in nearly half of all participants following initiation of canagliflozin, the clinical benefit of canagliflozin was observed regardless. Additionally, safety outcomes were similar among subgroups of acute eGFR drop.
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Post hoc analyses of EMPA-REG OUTCOMES and CREDENCE suggested that a drop in eGFR ≥10% was not associated with increased risk or decreased benefits of empagliflozin and canagliflozin, respectively, compared with a drop in eGFR <10%.
“Post hoc analyses of EMPA-REG OUTCOMES and CREDENCE suggested that a drop in eGFR $ 10% was not associated with increased risk or decreased bene fi ts of empagli fl ozin and canagli fl ozin, respectively, compared with a drop in eGFR < 10%.”
From KDIGO 2022 Clinical Practice Guideline for Diabetes Management in Chronic Kidney Disease (2022) · cites this paper as [153]
The Discussion reports that, in the post hoc CREDENCE analysis, canagliflozin’s benefit and safety outcomes were generally similar across categories of acute eGFR decline, including drops over 10%. It also notes increased adverse-event rates for the uncommon drops over 30%. The paper does not report the claimed EMPA-REG OUTCOME analysis or its finding for empagliflozin. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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- Authors
- Oshima, M., Jardine, M. J., Agarwal, R., Bakris, G., Cannon, C. P., Charytan, D. M., de Zeeuw, D., Edwards, R., Greene, T., Levin, A., Lim, S. K., Mahaffey, K. W., Neal, B., Pollock, C., Rosenthal, N., Wheeler, D. C., Zhang, H., Zinman, B., Perkovic, V., & Heerspink, H. J. L.
- Affiliations
- Kanazawa University (JP)
- Concord Repatriation General Hospital (AU)
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center (US)
- University of Chicago (US)
- Baim Institute for Clinical Research (US)
- NYU Langone Health (US)
- Janssen Research & Development (United States) (US)
- University of Utah (US)
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- University of Malaya (MY)
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- UNSW Sydney (AU)
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- University College London (GB)
- Peking University First Hospital (CN)
- Mount Sinai Hospital (CA)
- University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Heerspink, Hiddo J.L.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Kidney International
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-04
- Volume
- 99
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 999-1009
- ISSN
- 0085-2538 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3112498330
- Cited by
- 166
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 19
- FWCI
- 14.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Kidney International (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IUScholarWorks (Indiana University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- UNSWorks (University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Spiral (Imperial College London) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Janssen Research and Development
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Acute Kidney Injury Research
- Keywords
- canagliflozin, estimated glomerular filtration rate, chronic kidney disease, type 2 diabetes, SGLT2 inhibitors, CREDENCE trial, eGFR trajectories, renal safety, hemodynamic effects
- MeSH terms
- Canagliflozin, Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Glomerular Filtration Rate, Humans, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
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