The DOI matches its Crossref record; 119 of the 119 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Glucocorticoid receptor action in beneficial and side effects of steroid therapy: Lessons from conditional knockout mice
Open accessAbstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are potent immune suppressive drugs with unfortunately severe side effects. Different molecular modes of actions of the GC receptor (GR) have been identified. Transcriptional transactivation by binding of a dimerized GR protein complex to the promoter of GC regulated genes or interference with activity of pro-inflammatory transcription factors by GR monomers are considered as the two major mechanisms. It has been hypothesized that selective GR agonists (SEGRAs) addressing dimer-independent function would reveal potent steroid therapeutic activity with reduced side effects. Recent studies of a mouse knock-in strain with a dimerization-deficient GR demonstrate that some inflammatory processes can be suppressed by GCs, while others cannot. Also side effects of GCs occur in these mice. Thus, depending on the process that is treated, SEGRA could be therapeutically more or less effective and not all side effects of steroid therapy may be reduced.
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“As a matter of fact, chronic exposure to GCs results in various adverse side effects such as osteoporosis, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and even neurodegeneration (5, 22).”
From The HPA – Immune Axis and the Immunomodulatory Actions of Glucocorticoids in the Brain (2014) · cites this paper as [22]
In the citing paper
“The non-liganded GR-α is sequestered in the cytoplasm by a multiprotein complex that may be composed of heat-shock protein (HSP) 90, 70, 56, or 40, as well as co-chaperones p23, p60, Src kinase, and immunophilins FKBP51, 52 (22, 75, 79). These cytoplasmic chaperones conceal the nuclear localization signal (NLS) of the steroid receptor and thereby preclude its shuttling to the nucleus. Importantly,”
From The HPA – Immune Axis and the Immunomodulatory Actions of Glucocorticoids in the Brain (2014) · cites this paper as [22]
In the citing paper
“In similar fashion, the differential expression of transcription factors, co-activators, co-repressors, and other binding partners are critical in tailoring the actions of GCs through the GR (22).”
From The HPA – Immune Axis and the Immunomodulatory Actions of Glucocorticoids in the Brain (2014) · cites this paper as [22]
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“…be recently demonstrated with cell type specific Page 18 of 36 Ac ce pt ed M an us cr ip t 19 mutations of the GR. High dose GC treatment rapidly leads to impairment of bone formation that includes induction of apoptosis of osteoblasts and osteocytes in wild type mice (Weinstein et al., 1998).”
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Silverman, M. N., & Sternberg, E. M. (2012) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06633.x · Cited by 775
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Glucocorticosteroids: current and future directions
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The microbiome: a key regulator of stress and neuroinflammation
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Metadata
- Authors
- Kleiman, A., & Tuckermann, J. P.
- Affiliations
- Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI) (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Tuckermann, Jan P.
- Venue
- Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-09
- Volume
- 275
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 98-108
- ISSN
- 0303-7207 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2086871852
- Cited by
- 165
- References
- 118
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 0.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hal.science
- Licence
- Locations
- Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Trinity's Access to Research Output (TARA) (Trinity College Dublin) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Endocrinology › Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Keywords
- glucocorticoid receptor, glucocorticoids, selective glucocorticoid receptor agonists, conditional knockout mice, transcriptional activation, immunosuppression, inflammation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Gene Expression Regulation, Glucocorticoids, Inflammation, Receptors, Glucocorticoid, Mice, Knockout, Receptor Cross-Talk, Mice
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