A review of the role of apolipoprotein C-II in lipoprotein metabolism and cardiovascular disease
Abstract
The focus of this review is on the role of apolipoprotein C-II (apoC-II) in lipoprotein metabolism and the potential effects on the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We searched PubMed/Scopus for articles regarding apoC-II and its role in lipoprotein metabolism and the risk of CVD. Apolipoprotein C-II is a constituent of chylomicrons, very low-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Apolipoprotein C-II contains 3 amphipathic α-helices. The lipid-binding domain of apoC-II is located in the N-terminal, whereas the C-terminal helix of apoC-II is responsible for the interaction with lipoprotein lipase (LPL). At intermediate concentrations (approximately 4 mg/dL) and in normolipidemic subjects, apoC-II activates LPL. In contrast, both an excess and a deficiency of apoC-II are associated with reduced LPL activity and hypertriglyceridemia. Furthermore, excess apoC-II has been associated with increased triglyceride-rich particles and alterations in HDL particle distribution, factors that may increase the risk of CVD. However, there is not enough current evidence to clarify whether increased apoC-II causes hypertriglyceridemia or is an epiphenomenon reflecting hypertriglyceridemia. A number of pharmaceutical interventions, including statins, fibrates, ezetimibe, nicotinic acid, and orlistat, have been shown to reduce the increased apoC-II concentrations. An excess of apoC-II is associated with increased triglyceride-rich particles and alte…
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ApoC-I, apoC-II, and apoC-III are involved in the uptake or degradation of triglycerides, chylomicron remnants, and cholesterol-rich lipoproteins by regulation of lipoprotein lipase.
“ApoC-I, apoC-II, and apoC-III are involved in the uptake or degradation of triglycerides, chylomicron remnants, and cholesterol-rich lipoproteins by regulation of lipoprotein lipase (4-7) .”
From Automated multiplex LC-MS/MS assay for quantifying serum apolipoproteins A-I, B, C-I, C-II, C-III, and E with qualitative apolipoprotein E phenotyping (2016) · cites this paper as [5]
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- Authors
- Kei, A. A., Filippatos, T. D., Tsimihodimos, V., & Elisaf, M. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Ioannina (GR)
- Venue
- Metabolism
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-07
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 906-921
- ISSN
- 0026-0495 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2015836295
- Cited by
- 136
- References
- 7
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 1.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipid metabolism and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- apolipoprotein C-II, lipoprotein metabolism, cardiovascular risk, lipoprotein lipase, hypertriglyceridemia, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, chylomicrons, VLDL, statins, fibrates, ezetimibe, nicotinic acid, orlistat
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Anticholesteremic Agents, Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Humans, Inflammation, Kidney Failure, Chronic, Lipoproteins, Male, Mutation, Mice, Rats, Apolipoprotein C-II
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