Optimization of a methodology for speciation of arsenic, selenium and mercury in blood samples based on the deep eutectic solvent
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In this research, a new liquid phase microextraction based on the solidification of deep eutectic solvent (LPME–SDES) has been developed for the speciation of As(III), As(V), Se(IV), Se(VI), Hg(II) and organic mercury (R-Hg) in the blood of children prior to their analysis by iridium-modified tube electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS). •In this method, a green solvent consisting of Choline chloride and decanoic acid in the molar ratio of 1:2 was used as a green hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent for the extraction of complexed ions from real blood samples. •The DESs replace the toxic organic solvents apply for extraction and could be synthesize from cheap accessible chemicals. •Under the optimum conditions, the calibration graphs for As, Se and Hg were linear in the rage of 0.15–40, 0.05–5.0 and 0.30–60 μg l −1 , respectively and, the detection limit of As, Se and Hg were 0.05, 0.015 and 0.10 μg l −1 , respectively.
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Arsenic and selenium are metalloids that have been extracted using DLLME-SFOD [76][77][78][79].
“Arsenic and selenium are metalloids that have been extracted using DLLME-SFOD [76][77][78][79].”
A potassium iodide and sodium thiosulfate mixture was used to reduce As (V) [77], hydrochloric acid was used to reduce Se (VI) to Se (IV) [78,79], and ultraviolet (UV) light and microwaves were used to rapidly convert R-Hg to Hg 2+ [78].
“As a result of this, a potassium iodide and sodium thiosulfate mixture was used to reduce As (V) [77], hydrochloric acid was used to reduce Se (VI) to Se (IV) [78,79], and ultraviolet (UV) light and microwaves were used to rapidly convert R-Hg to Hg 2+ [78].”
Subsequently, the speciation of arsenic and selenium has been accomplished by subjecting the sample to chemical processes to modify the analyte's oxidation state [77].
“Subsequently, the speciation of arsenic and selenium has been accomplished by subjecting the sample to chemical processes to modify the analyte's oxidation state [77].”
Reza et al. reported a green simple HDES (choline chloride: decanoic acid, 1:2) for the extraction of arsenic, selenium, and mercury from real blood samples [77].
“Firstly, Reza et al. reported a green simple HDES (choline chloride: decanoic acid, 1:2) for the extraction of arsenic, selenium, and mercury from real blood samples [77].”
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Cites
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents – Solvents for the 21st Century
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“Deep eutectic solvents (DESs), as a subclass of onic liquids, show comparable characteristics; they are cheaper and easy to be produced due to ower cost of the raw materials, less toxic and often biodegradable [1,2].”
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Self-citationAkramipour, R., Golpayegani, M. R., Ghasemi, M., Noori, N., & Fattahi, N. (2019) · New Journal of Chemistry · doi:10.1039/c9nj00979e · Cited by 44 · see citing works
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El-Deen, A. K., & Shimizu, K. (2021) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules26237406 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
“In regard to the transition metals, zinc [80], cobalt [55], copper [17,74], mercury [74,75,77], nickel [55], cadmium [17,74,75,80], and chromium [81] have all been quantified using DES in DLLME-SFOD.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialApplication of deep eutectic solvents in bioanalysis
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Self-citationDeep eutectic solvents in biological monitoring of occupational exposures
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Deep Eutectic Solvents in Bioanalysis: Green Alternatives for a Sustainable Future
Mansi, G., Rajput, Y. B., Hirpara, D., Chavda, V., Raghav, S., & Shah, P. A. (2026) · Environmental footprints and eco-design of products and processes · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-15349-4_5
- Authors
- Akramipour, R., Golpayegani, M. R., Ghasemi, M., Noori, N., & Fattahi, N.
- Affiliations
- Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (IR)
- Corresponding author
- Akramipour, Reza
- Golpayegani, Mohammad Reza
- Ghasemi, Mahmoud
- Noori, Negar
- Fattahi, Nazir
- Venue
- MethodsX
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019
- Volume
- 6
- Pages
- 2141-2147
- ISSN
- 2215-0161 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6812347
- OpenAlex
- W2974359723
- Cited by
- 10
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 0.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- MethodsX (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Deputy for Research and Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Analytical Chemistry › Analytical chemistry methods development
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Electrochemistry › Electrochemical Analysis and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Catalysis › Ionic liquids properties and applications
- Keywords
- arsenic speciation, selenium speciation, mercury speciation, blood samples, children, deep eutectic solvents, liquid-phase microextraction, choline chloride, capric acid, green solvents, graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, organic mercury
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