Tetrameric acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1 is important for tumor growth
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Mitochondrial acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) regulates pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) by acetylating pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and PDH phosphatase. How ACAT1 is "hijacked" to contribute to the Warburg effect in human cancer remains unclear. We found that active, tetrameric ACAT1 is commonly upregulated in cells stimulated by EGF and in diverse human cancer cells, where ACAT1 tetramers, but not monomers, are phosphorylated and stabilized by enhanced Y407 phosphorylation. Moreover, we identified arecoline hydrobromide (AH) as a covalent ACAT1 inhibitor that binds to and disrupts only ACAT1 tetramers. The resultant AH-bound ACAT1 monomers cannot reform tetramers. Inhibition of tetrameric ACAT1 by abolishing Y407 phosphorylation or AH treatment results in decreased ACAT1 activity, leading to increased PDC flux and oxidative phosphorylation with attenuated cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth. These findings provide a mechanistic understanding of how oncogenic events signal through distinct acetyltransferases to regulate cancer metabolism and suggest ACAT1 as an anti-cancer target.
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ACAT1 inhibition is broadly applicable to various cancer types but not non-cancerous cells.
“Notably, ACAT1 inhibition is broadly applicable to various cancer types but not non-cancerous cells [61].”
From Acetylation: a new target for protein degradation in cancer (2025) · cites this paper as [61]
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Self-citationCancer Metabolism: Fasting Reset, the Keto-Paradox and Drugs for Undoing
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ACAT1 Induces the Differentiation of Glioblastoma Cells by Rewiring Choline Metabolism
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Cellular signals converge at the NOX2-SHP-2 axis to induce reductive carboxylation in cancer cells
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Self-citationThe expression of ACAT1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma and the adjacent pre-tumour tissue
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Downregulation of Acat1 by miR-21 may participate in liver fibrosis upon chronic DDT exposure
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ACAT1 promotes proliferation and metastasis of bladder cancer via AKT/GSK3β/c-Myc signaling pathway
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From mitochondria to tumor suppression: ACAT1's crucial role in gastric cancer
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Differential effects of areca nut, tobacco, and lime on oral squamous cell carcinoma progression
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Role of acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1 expression in the molecular mechanism of adenomyosis
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ACAT1-mediated lactylation reprogramming governs immune-stromal crosstalk in ulcerative colitis
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The RhoB p.S73F mutation leads to cerebral palsy through dysregulation of lipid homeostasis
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- Authors
- Fan, J., Lin, R., Xia, S., Chen, D., Elf, S. E., Liu, S., Pan, Y., Xu, H., Qian, Z., Wang, M., Shan, C., Zhou, L., Lei, Q.-Y., Li, Y., Mao, H., Lee, B. H., Sudderth, J., DeBerardinis, R. J., Zhang, G., Owonikoko, T., Gaddh, M., Arellano, M. L., Khoury, H. J., Khuri, F. R., Kang, S., Doetsch, P. W., Lonial, S., Boggon, T. J., Curran, W. J., & Chen, J.
- Affiliations
- Emory University (US)
- Fudan University (CN)
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- Yale University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Fan, Jun
- Chen, Jing
- ORCID
- Fan, Jun
- Xia, Siyuan
- Elf, Shannon E.
- Liu, Shuangping
- Pan, Yaozhu
- Xu, Haidong
- Wang, Mei
- Shan, Changliang
- Zhou, Lu
- Lei, Qun-Ying
- Li, Yuancheng
- Mao, Hui
- Sudderth, Jessica
- DeBerardinis, Ralph J.
- Zhang, Guojing
- Owonikoko, Taofeek
- Gaddh, Manila
- Arellano, Martha L.
- Khuri, Fadlo R.
- Kang, Sumin
- Doetsch, Paul W.
- Lonial, Sagar
- Boggon, Titus J.
- Curran, Walter J.
- Chen, Jing
- Venue
- Molecular Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-12
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 859-874
- ISSN
- 1097-2765 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5135630
- OpenAlex
- W2554694070
- Cited by
- 106
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 2.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Molecular Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- NIH (CA140515, CA183594, CA174786, CA175316, CA169937)
- T.J. Martell Foundation
- Winship Cancer Institute (IRG-14-188-01)
- American Cancer Society
- Winship Inverts
- Emory University
- Hematology Tissue Bank of Emory University School of Medicine
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Biochemical Acid Research Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
- Keywords
- ACAT1, acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, tetrameric protein, pyruvate dehydrogenase, Warburg effect, EGF signaling, arecoline hydrobromide, covalent inhibitors, cancer metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, tumor growth, tumor cell proliferation, protein acetylation
- MeSH terms
- Acetyl-CoA C-Acetyltransferase, Animals, Epidermal Growth Factor, Humans, Mice, Nude, Mitochondria, Neoplasms, Oligopeptides, Phosphorylation, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases, Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, NIH 3T3 Cells, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Proliferation, Mice, Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1
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