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Defining the behavioral phenotype in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: A review
Abstract
While there exists a large body of literature on cognitive functions in children with prenatal alcohol exposure, it remains undetermined if these children exhibit a unique profile of cognitive-behavioral functioning or a behavioral phenotype. Researchers have consistently found that intellectual functioning, as assessed by IQ tests, of children with prenatal alcohol exposure is deficient. There is increasing evidence that prenatal alcohol exposure is associated with slow information processing and attentional problems, in particular inattentiveness. Studies examining specific cognitive abilities such as language, visual perception, and memory in alcohol-affected children have shown performance decrements associated with increased task complexity. Children with prenatal alcohol exposure have also been found to exhibit significant deficits in daily functional skills or adaptive behavior, with deficits in socialization becoming pronounced during adolescence. The above findings point to the conclusion that a generalized deficit in complex information processing constitutes the central cognitive-behavioral characteristic of children with prenatal alcohol exposure. Researchers have consistently documented that specific brain regions are more affected by alcohol than other regions. The problem of mapping focal anomalies of the brain with a generalized pattern of deficits can be solved by taking developmental processes into consideration.
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“It has been established that some of the key deficits in children are in the domains of attention, information processing, and executive function (EF) [6].”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Kodituwakku, P. W.
- Affiliations
- University of New Mexico (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kodituwakku, P.W.
- ORCID
- Kodituwakku, P.W.
- Venue
- Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-01
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 192-201
- ISSN
- 0149-7634 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2089055897
- Cited by
- 359
- References
- 92
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 29 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 27
- FWCI
- 2.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Fetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders
- Keywords
- fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, prenatal alcohol exposure, behavioral phenotypes, intellectual functioning, inattention, attention deficits, information processing deficits, adaptive behavior, socialization deficits, language deficits, visual perception, memory impairment, developmental processes
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Behavioral Symptoms, Child, Cognition, Female, Humans, Language, Learning, Male, Models, Biological, Phenotype, Pregnancy, Problem Solving, Visual Perception, Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
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