Cited by 579Hallucinations in medical conditionsSchizophrenia research and treatmentVisual perception and processing mechanisms

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The hallucinating brain: A review of structural and functional neuroimaging studies of hallucinations

Allen, Paul, Larøi, Frank, McGuire, Philip K., Aleman, Andrè·2008·Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

DOI 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2007.07.012

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Abstract

Hallucinations remains one of the most intriguing phenomena in psychopathology. In the past two decades the advent of neuroimaging techniques have allowed researchers to investigate what is happening in the brain of those who experience hallucinations. In this article we review both structural and functional neuroimaging studies of patients with auditory and visual hallucinations as well as a small number of studies that have assessed cognitive processes associated with hallucinations in healthy volunteers. The current literature suggests that in addition to secondary (and occasionally primary) sensory cortices, dysfunction in prefrontal premotor, cingulate, subcortical and cerebellar regions also seem to contribute to hallucinatory experiences. Based on the findings of these studies we tentatively propose a neurocognitive model in which both bottom-up and top-down processes interact to produce these erroneous percepts. Finally, directions for future work are discussed.

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Authors: Allen, P., Larøi, F., McGuire, P. K., & Aleman, A.
Affiliations: King's College London (GB)
University of Liège (BE)
University of London (GB)
Corresponding author: Allen, Paul
ORCID: Allen, Paul
Larøi, Frank
McGuire, Philip K.
Venue: Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2008-01
Volume: 32
Issue: 1
Pages: 175-191
ISSN: 0149-7634 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2007.07.012
OpenAlex: W2107394985
Cited by: 579
References: 104
Citations by year: 2026: 20 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 54 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 40 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 40 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 48
FWCI: 1.45
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Liège) (submittedVersion)
University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Hallucinations in medical conditions
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
Keywords: hallucinations, auditory hallucinations, visual hallucinations, prefrontal cortex, cingulate cortex, cerebellum, subcortical dysfunction, top-down and bottom-up processes, healthy volunteers
MeSH terms: Brain, Brain Mapping, Hallucinations, Humans, Functional Laterality, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Positron-Emission Tomography

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The hallucinating brain: A review of structural and functional neuroimaging studies of hallucinations

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