Electrophysiological classes of neocortical neurons.
Abstract
Neocortical network behavior and neocortical function emerge from synaptic interactions among neurons with specific electrophysiological and morphological characteristics. The intrinsic electrophysiological properties of neurons define their firing patterns and their input-output functions with critical consequences for their functional properties within the network. Understanding the role played by the active non-linear properties caused by ionic conductances distributed in the soma and the dendrites is a critical step towards understanding cortical function. Here I present a brief description of electrophysiological and morphological characteristics of neocortical cells that allow their classification in categories. I review some examples of differences in functional properties among different electrophysiological cell classes in the visual cortex, as well as the role played by specific ionic conductances in defining firing and accommodation properties of neocortical neurons.
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To achieve a safe, reliable, high-performance B/CI system, a critical mission requirement is the initial establishment of intimate and stable connections to monitor the electrical firing patterns and waveforms of the ∼86 × 10^9 neurons and the ∼2 × 10^14 synapses of the human brain at a suitable repetition rate (400-800 Hz is the reported average maximum range).
“To achieve a safe, reliable, high-performance B/CI system, a critical mission requirement is the initial establishment of intimate and stable connections to monitor the electrical firing patterns and waveforms of the ∼86 × 109 neurons and the ∼2 × 1014 synapses of the human brain at a suitable repetition rate (400–800 Hz is the reported average maximum range) (Wilson, 1999; Contreras, 2004).”
From Human Brain/Cloud Interface (2019) · cites this paper as Contreras, 2004
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Modulation of visual responses by behavioral state in mouse visual cortex
Niell, C. M., & Stryker, M. P. (2010) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2010.01.033 · Cited by 1,483 · see citing works
“…showed that in mouse V1 the waveforms are perfectly distinct (linearly separable with no overlap) and do indeed correspond to different visual response properties, consistent with their originating in distinct cell types with different synaptic and electrophysiological properties (Contreras, 2004).”
Revealing neuronal function through microelectrode array recordings
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Dynamics of excitation and inhibition underlying stimulus selectivity in rat somatosensory cortex
Wilent, W. B., & Contreras, D. (2005) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1545 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Self-citationMartins, N. R. B., Angelica, A., Chakravarthy, K., Svidinenko, Y., Boehm, F. J., Opris, I., Lebedev, M. A., Swan, M., Garan, S. A., Rosenfeld, J. V., et al. (2019) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00112 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
- Authors
- Contreras, D.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Corresponding author
- Contreras, Diego
- ORCID
- Contreras, Diego
- Venue
- Neural Networks
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-06
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 5-6
- Pages
- 633-646
- ISSN
- 0893-6080 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1972042913
- Cited by
- 124
- References
- 7
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 1.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neural Networks (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Defense
- U.S. Public Health Service (R01-013984)
- Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative
- Office of Naval Research
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ion channel regulation and function
- Keywords
- neocortical neurons, neuronal firing patterns, ionic conductance, accommodation, visual cortex, neuronal morphology, input-output function
- MeSH terms
- Action Potentials, Animals, Electric Conductivity, Electrophysiology, Neurons, Photic Stimulation, Visual Cortex, Potassium Channels, Neocortex
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