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Synapses are lost during aging in the primate prefrontal cortex

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Peters, A., Sethares, C., Luebke, J.I.·2008·Neuroscience

DOI 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.07.014PMC PMC2441531

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Abstract

An electron microscopic analysis has been carried out on the effects of age on the numerical density of both excitatory (asymmetric) and inhibitory (symmetric) synapses in the neuropil of layers 2/3 and of layer 5 in area 46 from the frontal cortex of behaviorally tested rhesus monkeys. There is no change in the lengths of synaptic junctions with age or in the percentage distribution of synapses relative to the postsynaptic spines and dendritic shafts. However, in layers 2/3 there is an overall loss of about 30% of synapses from 5 to 30 years of age, and both asymmetric and symmetric synapses are lost at the same rate. In layer 5 the situation is different; the overall loss of synapses is only 20% and this is almost entirely due to a loss of asymmetric synapses, since there is no significant loss of symmetric synapses from this layer with age. When the synapse data are correlated with the overall cognitive impairment shown by the monkeys, it is found that there is a strong correlation between the numerical density of asymmetric synapses in layers 2/3 and cognitive impairment, with a weaker correlation between symmetric synapse loss and cognitive impairment. In layer 5 on the other hand there is no correlation between synapse loss and cognitive impairment. However synapse loss is not the only factor causing cognitive impairment, since in previous studies of area 46 we have found that age-related alteration in myelin in this frontal area also significantly contributes to cognitive decline. The synapse loss is also considered in light of earlier studies, which show that the frequency of spontaneous excitatory synaptic responses is reduced with age in layers 2/3 neurons.

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Authors: Peters, A., Sethares, C., & Luebke, J. I.
Affiliations: Boston University (US)
ORCID: Peters, A.
Luebke, J.I.
Venue: Neuroscience
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2008-04
Volume: 152
Issue: 4
Pages: 970-981
ISSN: 0306-4522 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.07.014
PMC: PMC2441531
OpenAlex: W2021005581
Cited by: 268
References: 50
Citations by year: 2026: 10 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 21
FWCI: 2.26
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute on Aging (R01AG025062, P01AG000001, P01-AG-00001)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Keywords: synaptic loss, aging, prefrontal cortex, rhesus monkeys, area 46, asymmetric synapses, symmetric synapses, cognitive impairment, layer 2/3, layer 5, myelin, postsynaptic spines
MeSH terms: Age Factors, Aging, Animals, Behavior, Animal, Female, Macaca mulatta, Male, Neurons, Synapses, Prefrontal Cortex, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission

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Synapses are lost during aging in the primate prefrontal cortex

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