3D synaptic organization of layer III of the human anterior cingulate and temporopolar cortex
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Abstract
The human anterior cingulate and temporopolar cortices have been proposed as highly connected nodes involved in high-order cognitive functions, but their synaptic organization is still basically unknown due to the difficulties involved in studying the human brain. Using Focused Ion Beam/Scanning Electron Microscopy (FIB/SEM) to study the synaptic organization of the human brain obtained with a short post-mortem delay allows excellent results to be obtained. We have used this technology to analyze layer III of the anterior cingulate cortex (Brodmann area 24) and the temporopolar cortex, including the temporal pole (Brodmann area 38 ventral and dorsal) and anterior middle temporal gyrus (Brodmann area 21). Our results, based on 6695 synaptic junctions fully reconstructed in 3D, revealed that Brodmann areas 24, 21 and ventral area 38 showed similar synaptic density and synaptic size, whereas dorsal area 38 displayed the highest synaptic density and the smallest synaptic size. However, the proportion of the different types of synapses (excitatory and inhibitory), the postsynaptic targets, and the shapes of excitatory and inhibitory synapses were similar, regardless of the region examined. These observations indicate that certain aspects of the synaptic organization are rather homogeneous, whereas others show specific variations across cortical regions.
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A clear preference of glutamatergic axons (forming AS) for dendritic spines and of GABAergic axons (forming SS) for dendritic shafts is reported in the literature.
“A clear preference of glutamatergic axons (forming AS) for dendritic spines and GABAergic axons (forming SS) for dendritic shafts is reported in the literature (reviewed in DeFelipe et al., 2002; for a recent study, see Cano-Astorga et al., 2023).”
From Unambiguous identification of asymmetric and symmetric synapses using volume electron microscopy (2024) · cites this paper as Cano-Astorga et al., 2023
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Self-citationThree-dimensional synaptic Organization of Layer III of the human temporal neocortex
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Self-citationPerforated synapses and plasticity
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Self-citation3D Ultrastructural Study of Synapses in the Human Entorhinal Cortex
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Variation in Pyramidal Cell Morphology Across the Human Anterior Temporal Lobe
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- Authors
- Cano-Astorga, N., Plaza-Alonso, S., DeFelipe, J., & Alonso-Nanclares, L.
- Affiliations
- Laboratorio Cajal de Circuitos Corticales, Centro de Tecnología Biomédica, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid , Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ES)
- Venue
- Cerebral Cortex
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2023-07-15
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 17
- Pages
- 9691-9708
- ISSN
- 1047-3211 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2199
- PMC
- PMC10472499
- OpenAlex
- W4384493308
- Cited by
- 26
- References
- 131
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 1
- FWCI
- 3.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cerebral Cortex (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Funders
- CSIC Interdisciplinary Thematic Platform—Cajal Blue Brain (PGC2018–094307-B-I00, PID2021-127924NB-I00, MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033)
- Human Brain Project SGA3 (945539, MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, PRE2019-089228, FPU19/00007)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Structural Biology › Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- synaptic organization, layer III, anterior cingulate cortex, temporal pole, synaptic density, excitatory and inhibitory synapses, postsynaptic targets, synaptic morphology, human brain, FIB-SEM
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Gyrus Cinguli, Humans, Synapses, Temporal Lobe
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