Postnatal exposure to poly (I:C) impairs learning and memory through changes in synaptic plasticity gene expression in developing rat brain
Abstract
Viral infection during early stage of life influences brain development and results in several neurodevelopmental disorders such as schizophrenia, autism and behavioral abnormalities. However, the mechanism through which infection causes long-term behavioral defects is not well known. To elucidate this, we have used synthetic polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly (I:C)] which acts as a dsRNA molecule and interacts with toll-like receptor-3 (TLR-3) of microglia cells to evoke the immune system, thus mimicking the viral infection. Rat pups of postnatal day (PND) 7 were infused with a single dose of poly (I:C) (5 mg/kg BW) and vehicle alone to controls. When these pups grew to 3, 6 and 12 weeks, their spatial and fear conditioning memory were impaired as assessed by Morris water maze and passive avoidance test, respectively. We checked the immune activation by staining of TNF-α in the hippocampus and observed that poly (I:C) exposure elevated the number of TNF-α positive cells immediately after 12 h of infusion in one week rat and it persisted up to postnatal age of 3 and 12 weeks. Moreover, poly (I:C) significantly decreased the binding of 3 H-QNB to the cholinergic receptors in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of 3 and 6 weeks rats as compared to control but did not change significantly in 12 weeks rats. RT-PCR and immunoblotting results showed that poly (I:C) exposure upregulated the expression of memory associated genes (BDNF, Arc, EGR1) at mRNA and protein level in fronta…
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Neuroinflammation in the brain can negatively impact memory and cognitive functions through altered expression of memory-associated genes.
“It has recently been established that neuroinflammation in the brain could negatively impact memory and cognitive functions, as a result of altered expression of memory-associated genes (Baghel et al., 2018).”
From miR-142-3p Regulates BDNF Expression in Activated Rodent Microglia Through Its Target CAMK2A (2020) · cites this paper as Baghel et al., 2018
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“Any adverse environmental exposure during the developmental period increases the susceptibility to developmental diseases and later affects adulthood (Anda et al., 2006).”
The role of acetylcholine in learning and memory
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miR-142-3p Regulates BDNF Expression in Activated Rodent Microglia Through Its Target CAMK2A
Gupta, N., Jadhav, S., Tan, K.-L., Saw, G., Mallilankaraman, K. B., & Dheen, S. T. (2020) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2020.00132 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
- Authors
- Baghel, M. S., Singh, B., Dhuriya, Y. K., Shukla, R. K., Patro, N., Khanna, V. K., Patro, I. K., & Thakur, M. K.
- Venue
- Neurobiology of Learning and Memory
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-11
- Volume
- 155
- Pages
- 379-389
- ISSN
- 1074-7427
- Cited by
- 34
- References
- 5
- Language
- en
- Funders
- Department of Biotechnology (BT/PR14311/MED/30/470/2010)
- Ministry of Science and Technology
- Government of India
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