The DOI matches its Crossref record; 31 of the 33 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and Narcissism in the Five-Factor Model and the HEXACO model of personality structure
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“For example, narcissists have been shown to be more likely to exaggerate their competences or lie to get ahead (Lee & Ashton, 2005), even when they know that the truth can be unveiled (Collins & Stukas, 2008).”
From The "Why" and "How" of Narcissism: A Process Model of Narcissistic Status Pursuit (2020) · cites this paper as Lee & Ashton, 2005
In the citing paper
“Not only might they sometimes lie (Lee & Ashton, 2005), insult (Holtzman et al., 2010), and bully (Reijntjes et al., 2016), but they can also retaliate with physical aggression toward those that obstructed their status pursuit (for a review, see Denissen, Thomaes, & Bushman, 2018).”
From The "Why" and "How" of Narcissism: A Process Model of Narcissistic Status Pursuit (2020) · cites this paper as Lee & Ashton, 2005
In the citing paper
“For example, Machiavellians are also oriented toward status, but they are thought to mainly pursue control over others (Lee & Ashton, 2005).”
From The "Why" and "How" of Narcissism: A Process Model of Narcissistic Status Pursuit (2020) · cites this paper as Lee & Ashton, 2005
Citations
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,845
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
American Psychiatric Association (2022) · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787 · Cited by 23,476
(1999) · Cited by 7,995
Handbook of Personality: Theory and Research
Krueger, R. F., & Johnson, W. (2008) · Cited by 7,884
The dark triad of personality: Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy
Paulhus, D. L., & Williams, K. M. (2002) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/s0092-6566(02)00505-6 · Cited by 5,265
The structure of phenotypic personality traits.
Goldberg, L. R. (1993) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.48.1.26 · Cited by 4,816
Handbook of Personality : Theory and Research
Pervin, L. A. (1992) · Cited by 4,543
(1999) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 3,151
Christie, R., & Geis, F. L. (1970) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/c2013-0-10497-7 · Cited by 2,943
Personality Psychology in Europe
Vera-Bermudez, J., Raad, D. B., de Vries, J., García, A. M. P., Sanchez-Elvita, A., & Heck, G. V. (1997) · University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) · Cited by 2,462
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 801–822 of 822
A validation study of the Norwegian version of the 200-item HEXACO-PI-R from the normal population
Erevik, E. K., Sharifibastan, F., Pallesen, S., & Morken, K. T. E. (2023) · Open Science Framework · doi:10.17605/osf.io/nqcuj
Sharifibastan, F., Erevik, E. K., Pallesen, S., & Morken, K. T. E. (2023) · Open Science Framework · doi:10.17605/osf.io/g8vxb
Cultural Influences on Personality Types: A Cluster Analysis of HEXACO Traits in Japan
Tokiwa, E. (2026) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2026.3651324
Just Antagonism? Little Support for a Dark Triad or Tetrad Personality Trait StructurePreprint
Dragostinov, Y., Henry, S., Martindale, J., Booth, T., & Mõttus, R. (2026) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.6256138
Bossom, I. R. L., Enouy, S., Blais, J., Wohl, M. J. A., Pruysers, S., & Tabri, N. (2026) · International Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1002/ijop.70196
Terzioğlu, Z. A., Yalçın, U. Y. A. R., & Özçelik, M. A. (2026) · Ankara Üniversitesi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Yüksekokulu SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.33689/spormetre.1822204
Personality and Behavioural Characteristics of Dark and Light Narcissism
Petrović, B., & Međedović, J. M. (2016) · Zbornik instituta za kriminološka i sociološka istraživanja · doi:10.47152/ziksi201602276
Pruysers, S., Blais, J., & Mungall, L. R. (2026) · Electoral Studies · doi:10.1016/j.electstud.2026.103074
Alternativni pogledi na psihopatiju
Petrović, B., & Međedović, J. M. (2012) · Zbornik instituta za kriminološka i sociološka istraživanja · doi:10.47152/ziksi20120172
Essays on challenging job experiences
de Carvalho, S. A. S. (2020) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/bf026309zdcccz4af8z8373z9d1fb7cf4840
495Chapter 14 Ethical Considerations in Entrepreneurship During Uncertain Times
Méndez, O. J. M., García, R. A. C., Vargas, A. B. N., & Novelo, A. F. (2025) · De Gruyter eBooks · doi:10.1515/9783111373089-014
Wang, B., Andrews, W., & de Vries, R. E. (2026) · European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1080/1359432x.2026.2659037
Mourelatos, E., & Liontou, M. (2026) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2026.109028
Sharifibastan, F., Pallesen, S., Morken, K. T. E., & Erevik, E. K. (2026) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/sjop.70098
Fazelirad, H., Moghadasin, M., Mafakheri, A., Arezoumandi, Z., & Griffiths, M. D. (2026) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-026-00663-z
Associations of HEXACO and dark traits with power and gender harassment
Tokiwa, E. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1816134
Shimotsukasa, T., & Oshio, A. (2026) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/jopy.70097
PREDICTORS OF THE DARK TRIAD PERSONALITY: PER-CEIVED PARENTING STYLES AND CHILDHOOD TRAU-MAS
Açar, D., & DEMİRALP, C. (2026) · İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi · doi:10.17679/inuefd.1947654
Galliou, I., Kamtsios, S., & Ntritsos, G. (2026) · International Journal of School & Educational Psychology · doi:10.1080/21683603.2026.2733335
Kwon, H., Sellbom, M., & Sea, J. (2026) · Journal of Forensic Sciences · doi:10.1111/1556-4029.70491
Tadić, V., Kordić, B., & Tadić, T. (2026) · Current Issues in Personality Psychology · doi:10.5114/cipp/235800
Meskó, N. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1938950
Metadata
- Authors
- Lee, K., & Ashton, M. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Calgary (CA)
- Brock University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Lee, Kibeom
- Venue
- Personality and Individual Differences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-05
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1571-1582
- ISSN
- 0191-8869 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2003806493
- Cited by
- 830
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 54 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 57 · 2020: 105 · 2019: 53 · 2018: 58 · 2017: 63 · 2016: 53 · 2015: 44 · 2014: 57 · 2013: 43 · 2012: 38
- FWCI
- 6.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Personality and Individual Differences (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
- Keywords
- Dark Triad, psychopathy, Machiavellianism, narcissism, Big Five personality traits, HEXACO model, honesty-humility, agreeableness, extraversion, personality structure, trait correlation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
