The DOI matches its Crossref record; 38 of the 39 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Sex differences in variance of intelligence across childhood
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Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Independent of risk group, male children exhibited lower levels of verbal and nonverbal functioning than female children.36,37”
From Beyond Autism: A Baby Siblings Research Consortium Study of High-Risk Children at Three Years of Age (2013) · cites this paper as [36]
In the citing paper
“These findings are consistent with reports from large N studies of a female advantage in both verbal and nonverbal functioning among low-risk children between 1 and 3 years of age [36–39].”
From Early sex differences are not autism-specific: A Baby Siblings Research Consortium (BSRC) study (2015) · cites this paper as [38]
Citations
Cites
The descent of man and selection in relation to sex
チャールス, ダ., & 茂穂, 田. (1907) · Tokyo Jinrui Gakkai zasshi · doi:10.1537/ase1887.22.495 · Cited by 10,909
The psychology of sex differences
Maccoby, E. E. (1975) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(75)80031-1 · Cited by 5,714
(1998) · Cited by 4,172
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children
Miles-Mason, E. (2018) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781483392271.n537 · Cited by 4,133
The lek paradox and the capture of genetic variance by condition dependent traits
(1996) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.1996.0207 · Cited by 1,461
Test of Word Reading Efficiency
Dumont, R., & Willis, J. O. (2008) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470373699.speced2080 · Cited by 1,271
Sex Differences in Mental Test Scores, Variability, and Numbers of High-Scoring Individuals
Hedges, L. V., & Nowell, A. (1995) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7604277 · Cited by 1,112
On the resolution of the lek paradox
Kotiaho, J. S., LeBas, N. R., Puurtinen, M., & Tomkins, J. L. (2008) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.tree.2007.09.012 · Cited by 619
Sex Differences in Mathematical Reasoning Ability: More Facts
Benbow, C. P., & Stanley, J. C. (1983) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.6648516 · Cited by 589
Genic capture and resolving the lek paradox
Tomkins, J. L., Radwan, J., Kotiaho, J. S., & Tregenza, T. (2004) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.tree.2004.03.029 · Cited by 581
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Pearson, 1897, Vol. 1
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Women's underrepresentation in science: sociocultural and biological considerations
Ceci, S. J., Williams, W. M., & Barnett, S. M. (2009) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0014412 · Cited by 957
“In a recent longitudinal analysis of more than 10,000 British children, Arden and Plomin (2006) reported that when they extracted the first principal component from a battery of cognitive tests, including (at older ages) mathematics tests, greater male variance was found at ages 3, 4, 7, 9, and 10 years. Hence, greate…”
BackgroundResultInfluentialLubinski, D., & Benbow, C. P. (2006) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1745-6916.2006.00019.x · Cited by 603
“These benchmarks are useful to keep in mind when analyzing group differences at the extreme tails of ability distributions (Arden & Plomin, 2006; Feingold, 1995).”
BackgroundEriksson, M., Marschik, P. B., Tulviste, T., Almgren, M., Pérez Pereira, M., Wehberg, S., Marjanovič‐Umek, L., Gayraud, F., Kovacevic, M., & Gallego, C. (2012) · British Journal of Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-835x.2011.02042.x · Cited by 438
“Equal variance in language skills for girls and boys below the age of 3 years is compatible with the findings of both Arden and Plomin (2006) and the review of Feingold (1992).”
BackgroundResultBeyond Autism: A Baby Siblings Research Consortium Study of High-Risk Children at Three Years of Age
Messinger, D., Young, G. S., Ozonoff, S., Dobkins, K., Carter, A., Zwaigenbaum, L., Landa, R. J., Charman, T., Stone, W. L., Constantino, J. N., et al. (2013) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2012.12.011 · Cited by 290
“Independent of risk group, male children exhibited lower levels of verbal and nonverbal functioning than female children.(36,37) These findings are TABLE 4 Risk Group and Sex by Latent Class”
Haworth, C., Davis, O., & Plomin, R. (2012) · Twin Research and Human Genetics · doi:10.1017/thg.2012.91 · Cited by 467
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Arden, R., & Plomin, R.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Arden, Rosalind
- Venue
- Personality and Individual Differences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2006-07
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 39-48
- ISSN
- 0191-8869 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2016958833
- Cited by
- 118
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 7.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Personality and Individual Differences (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Education, Achievement, and Giftedness
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills
- Keywords
- sex differences, intelligence, variance, childhood, general intelligence, verbal ability, nonverbal ability, developmental differences, early childhood, educational impact, British children
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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