What does the chronic pain grade questionnaire measure?
Open accessAbstract
This study explored the ability of the Chronic Pain Grade Questionnaire (CPG) to operationalise the WHO's model of health outcomes, namely the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Twelve expert judges used the method of discriminant content validation to allocate the seven items of the CPG to one or more ICF outcome, namely, impairment, activity limitations and participation restrictions. One-sample t-tests classified each item as measuring impairment, activity limitations or participation restrictions, or a combination thereof. The results indicated that the CPG contains items able to measure each of the three ICF outcomes. However, the pain grade classification system used in the CPG conflates the ICF outcomes. The implication of this conflation of outcome for the assessment of interventions is discussed.
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For content-validation tasks, two to 24 participants have been shown to be sufficient, with more than five participants reducing the influence of rater outliers.
“For content-validation tasks, such as those proposed in the closed sort task, two to 24 participants have been shown to be sufficient [29-32], with more than five participants reducing the influence of rater outliers [33].”
From Validation of the theoretical domains framework for use in behaviour change and implementation research (2012) · cites this paper as [29]
The Participants section says that 2–20 judges have been suggested for judgement tasks and reports using 12; it does not establish that 2–24 participants are sufficient. The separate claim about more than five participants is attached to citation [33], not necessarily to this source. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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- Authors
- Dixon, D., Pollard, B., & Johnston, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Stirling (GB)
- University of Aberdeen (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Dixon, Diane
- Venue
- Pain
- Published
- 2007-08
- Volume
- 130
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 249-253
- ISSN
- 0304-3959 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1993603957
- Cited by
- 82
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 2.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Locations
- Pain (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Strathprints: The University of Strathclyde institutional repository (University of Strathclyde) (submittedVersion)
- Stirling Online Research Repository (University of Stirling) (submittedVersion, public-domain)
- Funders
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Medical Practices and Rehabilitation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Opioid Use
- Keywords
- chronic pain, International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, impairment, activity limitation, participation restrictions, health outcome measurement, content validation, pain assessment
- MeSH terms
- Activities of Daily Living, Chronic Disease, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Motor Activity, Pain, Pain Measurement, Postal Service, Surveys and Questionnaires, Reproducibility of Results
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