Cited by 200Action Observation and SynchronizationFace Recognition and PerceptionEmotions and Moral Behavior

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Unconscious affective processing and empathy: An investigation of subliminal priming on the detection of painful facial expressions

Yamada, Makiko, Decety, Jean·2009·Pain

DOI 10.1016/j.pain.2009.01.028

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Abstract

Results from recent functional neuroimaging studies suggest that facial expressions of pain trigger empathic mimicry responses in the observer, in the sense of an activation in the pain matrix. However, pain itself also signals a potential threat in the environment and urges individuals to escape or avoid its source. This evolutionarily primitive aspect of pain processing, i.e., avoidance from the threat value of pain, seems to conflict with the emergence of empathic concern, i.e., a motivation to approach toward the other. The present study explored whether the affective values of targets influence the detection of pain at the unconscious level. We found that the detection of pain was facilitated by unconscious negative affective processing rather than by positive affective processing. This suggests that detection of pain is primarily influenced by its inherent threat value, and that empathy and empathic concern may not rely on a simple reflexive resonance as generally thought. The results of this study provide a deeper understanding of how fundamental the unconscious detection of pain is to the processes involved in the experience of empathy and sympathy.

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Song, J., Zhao, Z., Jiao, Z., Peng, Y., & Chu, M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26617600
Additional file 3 of The silent epidemic: exploring the link between loneliness and chronic diseases in China’s elderly
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Additional file 2 of The silent epidemic: exploring the link between loneliness and chronic diseases in China’s elderly
Meng, L., Xu, R., Li, J., Hu, J., Xu, H., Wu, D., Hu, X., Zeng, X., Zhang, Q., Li, J., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26943129
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Authors: Yamada, M., & Decety, J.
Affiliations: University of Chicago (US)
ORCID: Yamada, Makiko
Venue: Pain
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2009-05
Volume: 143
Issue: 1
Pages: 71-75
ISSN: 0304-3959 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2009.01.028
OpenAlex: W2085386756
Cited by: 199
References: 27
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 15
FWCI: 23.84
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Pain (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Science Foundation
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Action Observation and Synchronization
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Emotions and Moral Behavior
Keywords: subliminal priming, facial expressions of pain, empathy, empathic concern, pain matrix, emotional value, sympathy, approach-avoidance motivation
MeSH terms: Adult, Affect, Attention, Avoidance Learning, Cues, Empathy, Facial Expression, Female, Humans, Pain Measurement, Physical Examination, Sensitivity and Specificity, Subliminal Stimulation, Unconscious, Psychology

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Unconscious affective processing and empathy: An investigation of subliminal priming on the detection of painful facial expressions

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