The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 35 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Dietary fat intake, pesticide use, and Parkinson's disease
Open accessAbstract
Background Dietary fat intake may modify Parkinson's disease (PD) risk directly or by altering the response to environmental neurotoxicants including pesticides.Methods We conducted a case-control study of PD nested in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS), a cohort of pesticide applicators and spouses. We evaluated diet and pesticide use before diagnosis in 89 PD cases, confirmed by movement disorder specialists, or a corresponding date in 336 frequency-matched controls. Associations were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Results In the AHS, PD was inversely associated with N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.8 for highest vs. lowest tertile) and the N-3 precursor α-linolenic acid (0.4, 0.2-0.8). In a meta-analysis of nine studies, including the present one, PD was inversely associated with α-linolenic acid (0.81, 0.68-0.96). In the AHS, associations of PD with the pesticides paraquat and rotenone were modified by fat intake. The OR for paraquat was 4.2 (1.5-12) in individuals with PUFA intake below the median but 1.2 (0.4-3.4) in those with higher intake (p-interaction = 0.10). The OR for rotenone was 5.8 (2.3-15) in those with saturated fat intake above the median but 1.5 (0.5-4.2) in those with lower intake (p-interaction = 0.02).Conclusions PUFA intake was consistently associated with lower PD risk, and dietary fats modified the association of PD risk with pesticide exposure. If confirmed, these findings suggest that a diet high in PUFAs and low in saturated fats might reduce risk of PD.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“A recent study demonstrated that dietary fat intake may modify the risk of developing PD directly or by altering the response to environmental neurotoxins; high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), like DHA decreased the association of PD with pesticides (Kamel et al., 2014).”
From The Gut-Brain Axis in Parkinson’s Disease: Possibilities for Food-Based Therapies (2017) · cites this paper as Kamel et al., 2014
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Adjustment for total energy intake in epidemiologic studies
Willett, W. C., Howe, G., & Kushi, L. H. (1997) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/65.4.1220s · Cited by 3,805
National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)
Feinleib, M. (2005) · Encyclopedia of Biostatistics · doi:10.1002/0470011815.b2a16042 · Cited by 3,134
Diagnostic Criteria for Parkinson Disease
Gelb, D. J., Oliver, E., & Gilman, S. (1999) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.56.1.33 · Cited by 2,822
Rotenone, Paraquat, and Parkinson’s Disease
Tanner, C. M., Kamel, F., Ross, G. W., Hoppin, J. A., Goldman, S. M., Korell, M., Marras, C., Bhudhikanok, G. S., Kasten, M., Chade, A. R., et al. (2011) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1002839 · Cited by 1,565
Self-citationOmega-3 fatty acids and metabolic syndrome: Effects and emerging mechanisms of action
Poudyal, H., Panchal, S. K., Diwan, V., & Brown, L. (2011) · Progress in Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/j.plipres.2011.06.003 · Cited by 391
Fabelo, N., Martín, M. V., Santpere, G., Marín, R., Torrent, L., Ferrer, I., & Díaz, M. L. (2011) · Molecular Medicine · doi:10.2119/molmed.2011.00119 · Cited by 379
Oxidative and Inflammatory Pathways in Parkinson’s Disease
Miller, R. L., James-Kracke, M., Sun, G. Y., & Sun, A. Y. (2009) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1007/s11064-008-9656-2 · Cited by 306
Dietary lipids and antioxidants in Parkinson's disease: A population‐based, case‐control study
Logroscino, G., Marder, K. S., COTE, L. J., Tang, M., Shea, S., & Mayeux, R. P. (1996) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410390113 · Cited by 302
Weight loss in Parkinson's disease
Chen, H., Zhang, S. M., Hernán, M. Á., Willett, W. C., & Ascherio, A. (2003) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.10577 · Cited by 301
Self-citationDietary fatty acids and the risk of Parkinson disease
de Lau, L. M. L., Bornebroek, M., Witteman, J. C. M., Albert Hofman, D., Koudstaal, P. J., & Breteler, M. M. B. (2005) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000166038.67153.9f · Cited by 260
Microglial activation as a priming event leading to paraquat-induced dopaminergic cell degeneration
Purisai, M. G., McCormack, A. L., Cumine, S., Li, J., Isla, M. Z., & Monte, D. A. D. (2006) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2006.10.008 · Cited by 259
Gao, H., Hong, J., Zhang, W., & Liu, B. (2003) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.23-04-01228.2003 · Cited by 251
Alpha-synuclein, lipids and Parkinson’s disease
Ruipérez, V., Darios, F. D., & Davletov, B. A. (2010) · Progress in Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/j.plipres.2010.05.004 · Cited by 236
Bousquet, M., Saint‐Pierre, M., Julien, C., Salem, N., Cicchetti, F., & Calon, F. (2007) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.07-9677com · Cited by 232
Circadian rhythm of periodic limb movements and sensory symptoms of restless legs syndrome
Trenkwalder, C., Hening, W. A., Walters, A. S., Campbell, S. S., Rahman, K., & Chokroverty, S. (1999) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/1531-8257(199901)14:1 · Cited by 226
Abbott, R. D., Ross, G. W., White, L. R., Sanderson, W. T., Burchfiel, C. M., Kashon, M. L., Sharp, D. S., Masaki, K., Curb, J. D., & Petrovitch, H. (2003) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-003-1306-7 · Cited by 200
Diet and Parkinson's disease II
Hellenbrand, W., Boeing, H., Robra, B., Seidler, A., Vieregge, P., NISCHAN, P., Joerg, J., Oertel, W. H., Schneider, E., & Ulm, G. (1996) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.47.3.644 · Cited by 195
Tan, L. C. S., Koh, W., Yuan, J., Wang, R., Au, W., Tan, J.-H., Tan, E., & Yu, M. C. (2007) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwm338 · Cited by 190
Adult nutrient intake as a risk factor for Parkinson's disease
Johnson, C. C. (1999) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/28.6.1102 · Cited by 173
Midlife adiposity and the future risk of Parkinson’s disease
Abbott, R. D., Ross, G. W., White, L. R., Nelson, J. S., Masaki, K., Tanner, C. M., Curb, J. D., Blanchette, P. L., Popper, J. S., & Petrovitch, H. (2002) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.59.7.1051 · Cited by 163
Self-citationInsulin resistance impairs nigrostriatal dopamine function
Morris, J. K., Bomhoff, G. L., Gorres, B. K., Davis, V. A., Kim, J., Lee, P., Brooks, W. M., Gerhardt, G. A., Geiger, P. C., & Stanford, J. A. (2011) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.06.005 · Cited by 155
Dietary intake of fats and fatty acids for the United States population: 1999-2000.
Ervin, R. B., Wright, J. D., Wang, C., & Kennedy‐Stephenson, J. (2004) · PubMed · Cited by 152
Dietary Intakes of Fat and Risk of Parkinson's Disease
Chen, H. (2003) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwg073 · Cited by 127
Self-citationn-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids in animal models with neuroinflammation
Orr, S. K., Trépanier, M., & Bazinet, R. P. (2012) · Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids · doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2012.05.008 · Cited by 115
Dietary fats, cholesterol and iron as risk factors for Parkinson's disease
Powers, K. M., Smith-Weller, T., Franklin, G. M., Longstreth, W. T., Swanson, P. D., & Checkoway, H. (2009) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2008.03.002 · Cited by 100
Dietary fat intake and risk of Parkinson's disease: A case-control study in Japan
Miyake, Y., Sasaki, S., Tanaka, K., Fukushima, W., Kiyohara, C., Tsuboi, Y., Yamada, T., Oeda, T., Miki, T., Kawamura, N., et al. (2009) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jns.2009.09.021 · Cited by 100
Choi, J., Jang, E.-H., Park, C., & Kang, J. (2005) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.12.008 · Cited by 98
Shchepinov, M. S., Chou, V., Pollock, E. D., Langston, J. W., Cantor, C. R., Molinari, R. J., & Manning-Bog, A. (2011) · Toxicology Letters · doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.07.020 · Cited by 81
The influence and the mechanism of docosahexaenoic acid on a mouse model of Parkinson’s disease
Özsoy, Ö., Seval, Y., Hacıoğlu, G., Yargıçoğlu, P., Demir, R., Ağar, A., & Aslan, M. (2011) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2011.06.012 · Cited by 53
Logroscino, G., & Mayeux, R. P. (1997) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.49.1.310 · Cited by 49
Connolly, J., Siderowf, A. D., Clark, C. M., Mu, D., & Praticò, D. (2008) · Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology · doi:10.1097/wnn.0b013e31817995e7 · Cited by 28
Humphreys, M., Nicol, F., & Roaf, S. (2015) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315765815-10 · Cited by 27
Jin, Y., Deddens, J., Saejiw, N., Chaiear, N., Ngoencharee, J., Sadhra, S. S., Coble, J., Vermeulen, R. C. H., Ji, B.-T., Xue, S., et al. (2007) · Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1136/oem.64.12.e18 · Cited by 17
Self-citationWitkowska, A. M., & Zujko, M. E. (2013) · Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences · doi:10.2478/v10222-012-0070-8 · Cited by 3
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Parkinson Disease Epidemiology, Pathology, Genetics, and Pathophysiology
Simon, D. K., Tanner, C. M., & Brundin, P. (2020) · Clinics in Geriatric Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.cger.2019.08.002 · Cited by 1,114
Self-citationPesticides: an update of human exposure and toxicity
Mostafalou, S., & Abdollahi, M. R. (2016) · Archives of Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s00204-016-1849-x · Cited by 787
Pathogenesis of Parkinson disease—the gut–brain axis and environmental factors
Klingelhoefer, L., & Reichmann, H. (2015) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2015.197 · Cited by 598
Environmental risk factors and Parkinson's disease: An umbrella review of meta-analyses
Bellou, V., Belbasis, L., Tzoulaki, I., Εvangelou, Ε., & Ioannidis, J. P. A. (2015) · Parkinsonism & Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2015.12.008 · Cited by 443
Review: Sporadic Parkinson's disease: development and distribution ofα‐synuclein pathology
Tredici, K. D., & Braak, H. (2015) · Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology · doi:10.1111/nan.12298 · Cited by 416
Metadata
- Authors
- Kamel, F., Goldman, S. M., Umbach, D. M., Chen, H., Richardson, G., Barber, M. R., Meng, C., Marras, C., Korell, M., Kasten, M., Hoppin, J. A., Comyns, K., Chade, A., Blair, A., Bhudhikanok, G. S., Webster Ross, G., William Langston, J., Sandler, D. P., & Tanner, C. M.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Parkinson's Institute and Clinical Center (US)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- University of Lübeck (DE)
- Favaloro University (AR)
- United States Department of Health and Human Services (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kamel, Freya
- ORCID
- Venue
- Parkinsonism & Related Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-01
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 82-87
- ISSN
- 1353-8020 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3936597
- OpenAlex
- W2058530978
- Cited by
- 127
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 10
- FWCI
- 1.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Parkinsonism & Related Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- NIEHS (R01-ES10803)
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01-ES044007, Z01-ES049030)
- National Cancer Institute grant (Z01-CP010119)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Keywords
- Parkinson's disease, dietary fat intake
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Diet, Dietary Fats, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Parkinson Disease, Pesticides, Risk Factors, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Case-Control Studies
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
