The DOI matches its Crossref record; 37 of the 38 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Understanding How Opioids Contribute to Reward and Analgesia
Abstract
Opioids acting at the mu opioid (MOP) receptor produce powerful analgesia. They also produce an intensely rewarding effect that can lead to addiction. The analgesic effect of MOP receptor agonists derives from a direct inhibitory effect on pain transmission at the spinal-cord level and through activation of a descending pain-modulatory pathway. The rewarding effect of MOP agonists is the result of their actions in the mesostriatal dopamine pathway classically associated with both natural and drug rewards. Both the analgesic and rewarding effect of MOP agonists are best understood in the context of decision making under conditions of conflict. Pain is one of many competing motivational states, and endogenous opioids suppress responses to noxious stimuli in the presence of conflicting motivations, such as hunger or a threatening predator. When a food reward is available, MOP agonists microinjected into the mesostriatal circuit promote its consumption, while concomitantly suppressing responses to noxious stimulation. The mesostriatal "reward" circuit, thus, appears to perform a function critical to decision making and can either amplify or suppress responses to noxious stimuli.
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“The NAc, in particular, has the potential to regulate descending pain modulatory pathways [48],[57].”
From Distinct Brain Systems Mediate the Effects of Nociceptive Input and Self-Regulation on Pain (2015) · cites this paper as [48]
Citations
Cites
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THE MECHANISM OF PLACEBO ANALGESIA
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Self-citationWall and Melzack's Textbook of Pain
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Opiate analgesics inhibit substance P release from rat trigeminal nucleus
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Self-citationP AIN M ECHANISMS : Labeled Lines Versus Convergence in Central Processing
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Self-citationTREATMENT OF EXCESSIVE AXILLARY SWEATING
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1 of the 38 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
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Pain and emotion: a biopsychosocial review of recent research
Lumley, M. A., Cohen, J. L., Borszcz, G. S., Cano, A., Radcliffe, A. M., Porter, L. S., Schubiner, H., & Keefe, F. J. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.20816 · Cited by 836
A common neurobiology for pain and pleasure
Leknes, S., & Tracey, I. (2008) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2333 · Cited by 784
Jhou, T. C., Fields, H. L., Baxter, M. G., Saper, C. B., & Holland, P. C. (2009) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2009.02.001 · Cited by 696
Self-citationMusic and social bonding: “self-other†merging and neurohormonal mechanisms
Tarr, B., Launay, J., & Dunbar, R. I. M. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01096 · Cited by 548
Brain mediators of predictive cue effects on perceived pain
Atlas, L. Y., Bolger, N., Lindquist, M. A., & Wager, T. D. (2010) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0057-10.2010 · Cited by 389
Metadata
- Authors
- Fields, H. L.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Corresponding author
- Fields, Howard L.
- ORCID
- Fields, Howard L.
- Venue
- Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2007-05
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 242-246
- ISSN
- 1098-7339 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2057241840
- Cited by
- 166
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 2.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Keywords
- opioids, mu-opioid receptor, analgesia, reward, descending pain modulation, opioid use disorder, decision-making, motivational conflict, food reward, endogenous opioids, noxious stimuli
- MeSH terms
- Analgesics, Opioid, Animals, Conflict, Psychological, Decision Making, Dopamine, Escape Reaction, Feeding Behavior, Humans, Medulla Oblongata, Motivation, Narcotic Antagonists, Opioid-Related Disorders, Nucleus Accumbens, Pain, Periaqueductal Gray, Reward, Spinal Cord, Behavior, Addictive, Receptors, Opioid, mu, Opioid Peptides
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